专著推荐 | Language as Symbolic Power

Original 通讯君语言学通讯 2022-06-09

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#专著推荐 169 个

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#符号学 7 个

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关键词：符号学、意识形态、语言使用、批评话语分析

Language as Symbolic Power

出版社 Cambridge University Press

出版日期2020年10月

Online ISBN:9781108869386

超低优惠价：362元（价格涵盖了书费、国际运费、进口关税、税票等一揽子在内）

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语言不仅仅是一种交流的工具——使用符号的权力斗争是任何言语行为、话语或言语互动的基础。媒介跨越面对面的对话、网上推文还是政治辩论。本书从应用语言学的角度对语言和权力的话题进行了清晰易懂的介绍。它清楚地分为三个部分：符号表述的权力、符号行动的权力和创造象征性现实的权力。本书借鉴了哲学家、社会语言学家、社会学家和应用语言学家的大量现有工作，并包括当前现实世界的例子，对在当前政治气候和日益数字化的时代具有特别重要意义和兴趣的话题提供了新的见解。本书展示了语言作为符号权力在教育、社会、文化和政治环境中的运作情况，并讨论了应对甚至抵制符号暴力的方法。

——介绍了一种将语言视为符号表征、符号行动和建构社会现实的符号运用的新方法。

——向读者介绍了关于语言和语言使用的后结构主义观点。

——包括对我们这个时代的数字革命及其符号系统的力量的历史、文化和跨学科的观点。

作者的初衷

Written by Claire Kramsch, author of Language as Symbolic Power

When twenty years ago I decided to teach an undergraduate course on Language and Power in my German department at UC Berkeley, I didn’t have any other purpose in mind than to share my newly acquired insights into post-structuralist approaches to language study with students who were learning a foreign language. As they were working hard to acquire French or German and to develop the ability to communicate with foreign others, I wanted to show them how much more there is to language than just grammar and vocabulary. Why, behind their choices of what to say, what not to say, and how to say it, there was a whole power game going on!

Many students had never thought about what it took to play that game, neither in their native nor in the foreign language. They still believed the old adage “Sticks and stones/ can break my bones/ but words/ can never hurt me”. I was determined to deflate their bubble and to show them how and why words can hurt – they can make you laugh and cry, and can lead you to action. How often have I been taken in by the sound of someone’s voice, their accent, their choice of words, that have either endeared me to them or turned me off. Many people fall in love with native speakers because of the way they talk – I know I have. How often have I been unable to truly understand what a person meant by a word because I didn’t know the word’s history in that person’s culture – the word “people” in English for example vs. “le peuple” in French and “das Volk” in German. But then, how can we know whether someone is speaking through their culture or through their own unique self?, I wondered.

As the course gained in popularity and I was invited to teach it for the campus at large, it grew into a full-fledged interdisciplinary course on language as social and political practice and was ultimately transformed into a book, Language as Symbolic Power, soon to be published by Cambridge University Press.

While the class was becoming more and more multilingual and multicultural, so did the examples that the students provided to illustrate the theories we were reading. For example, their examples of child rearing practices from different parts of the world confirmed or disconfirmed Bourdieu and Foucault’s views on the power of discourse and discourses of power.

Over the years the course also became more and more relevant to the current political situation: the fall-out from the 2001 attack against the World Trade Center and the way the media discussed the event; the rhetorical strategies that preceded the war in Iraq and Bush’s “Mission Accomplished”; the Obama years “Yes we Can” and, after the police killing of Trayvon Martin, “If I had a son, he’d be like Trayvon”. Indeed, as Panagiota Gounari writes in her introduction to a special issue of the L2 Journal (2020) on Critical Pedagogy and Language Learning and Teaching in Dangerous Times, “language as a site of power, ideological tensions, political and financial interests, hierarchies, and symbolic and material violence, is most definitely a war zone.”

Now that we have lived through four years of Donald Trump’s language warfare, language as symbolic power will be having a field day at the ballot box. No speech act will be more important than the vote we will cast on November 3. The results of the election will show what value we still give to words like “democracy” and “truth”, and how we are to use language on social and other media in the future. They will certainly affect how the readers of Language as Symbolic Power understand the book when it comes out in November.

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本书目录

Introduction

I - The Power of Symbolic Representation

1 - “I Speak, Therefore I Am”

2 - The Power of Symbolic Representation

3 - Narratives of Power—The Power of Narrative

Part II - The Power of Symbolic Action

4 - “I Do Things with Words, Therefore I Am”

5 - From Symbolic Power to Symbolic Violence