BRAIN AND LANGUAGE

Volume 225,  February 2022

BRAIN AND LANGUAGE（SSCI一区，2020 IF：2.381）2022年第225卷共发文3篇，研究论文涉及ERP实验和句法理解的神经关联。

目录

ARTICLES

■ How are visemes and graphemes integrated with speech sounds during spoken word recognition? ERP evidence for supra-additive responses during audiovisual compared to auditory speech processing, by Chotiga Pattamadilok, Marc Sato.

■ Neural correlates of syntactic comprehension: A longitudinal study

by Shannon M. Sheppard, Erin L. Meier, Kevin T. Kim, Bonnie L. Breining, Lynsey M. Keator, Bohao Tang, Brian S. Caffo, Argye E. Hillis.

■ Prospective memory in bilinguals and monolinguals: ERP and behavioural correlates of prospective processing in bilinguals, by Cristina López-Rojas, Eleonora Rossi, Alejandra Marful, M TeresaBajo.

摘要

How are visemes and graphemes integrated with speech sounds during spoken word recognition? ERP evidence for supra-additive responses during audiovisual compared to auditory speech processing

Chotiga Pattamadilok, Marc Sato

Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LPL, Aix-en-Provence, France

Abstract Both visual articulatory gestures and orthography provide information on the phonological content of speech. This EEG study investigated the integration between speech and these two visual inputs. A comparison of skilled readers’ brain responses elicited by a spoken word presented alone versus synchronously with a static image of a viseme or a grapheme of the spoken word’s onset showed that while neither visual input induced audiovisual integration on N1 acoustic component, both led to a supra-additive integration on P2, with a stronger integration between speech and graphemes on left-anterior electrodes. This pattern persisted in P350 time-window and generalized to all electrodes. The finding suggests a strong impact of spelling knowledge on phonetic processing and lexical access. It also indirectly indicates that the dynamic and predictive value present in natural lip movements but not in static visemes is particularly critical to the contribution of visual articulatory gestures to speech processing.

Key words Audiovisual integration, Supra-additivity, Speech processing, Articulatory gestures, Orthography

Neural correlates of syntactic comprehension: A longitudinal study

Shannon M. Sheppard, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States；Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, United States

Erin L. Meier, Kevin T. Kim, Bonnie L. Breining, Lynsey M. Keator, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States

Bohao Tang, Brian S. Caffo, Department of Biostatics, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States

Argye E. Hillis，Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States；Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States；Department of Cognitive Science, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States

Abstract Broca’s area is frequently implicated in sentence comprehension but its specific role is debated. Most lesion studies have investigated deficits at the chronic stage. We aimed (1) to use acute imaging to predict which left hemisphere stroke patients will recover sentence comprehension; and (2) to better understand the role of Broca’s area in sentence comprehension by investigating acute deficits prior to functional reorganization. We assessed comprehension of canonical and noncanonical sentences in 15 patients with left hemisphere stroke at acute and chronic stages. LASSO regression was used to conduct lesion symptom mapping analyses. Patients with more severe word-level comprehension deficits and a greater proportion of damage to supramarginal gyrus and superior longitudinal fasciculus were likely to experience acute deficits prior to functional reorganization. Broca’s area was only implicated in chronic deficits. We propose that when temporoparietal regions are damaged, intact Broca’s area can support syntactic processing after functional reorganization occurs.

Key words Language comprehension, Syntax, Broca’s area, Sentence processing, Lesion-symptom mapping

Prospective memory in bilinguals and monolinguals: ERP and behavioural correlates of prospective processing in bilinguals

Cristina López-Rojas, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain；Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

Eleonora Rossi, Department of Linguistics, University of Florida, USA

Alejandra Marful, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain；Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

M Teresa Bajo, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain；Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

Abstract Prospective memory (PM) allows us to form intentions and execute them in the future. Successful retrieval of prospective intentions depends on adequate context monitoring and disengagement from the ongoing task. These processes are also central in predicting incoming language information and guiding language production in bilinguals. We investigated if different bilingual experiences (early/late bilinguals, monolinguals) modulate performance in PM tasks that varied in attentional requirements (focal vs. non-focal). Behavioural and event-related potential (ERP) results indicated that early bilinguals differed from late bilinguals and monolinguals in how they performed the prospective task. Specifically, they showed larger differences between the ongoing activity and the prospective task in the N300 and P3b components when performing the more difficult non-focal PM task, indicating that they engaged in monitoring/updating to adapt to the task’s demands. These differences were not observed in late bilinguals and monolinguals, suggesting that prospective processing is dependent on the bilingual experience.

Key words Prospective memory, Focality, Monitoring, ERP, Bilingualism, Language control, Bilingual experience, N300, P3b

期刊简介

An interdisciplinary journal, Brain and Language publishes articles that elucidate the complex relationships among language, brain, and behavior. The journal covers the large variety of modern techniques in cognitive neuroscience, including functional and structural brain imaging, electrophysiology, cellular and molecular neurobiology, genetics, lesion-based approaches, and computational modeling. All articles must relate to human language and be relevant to the understanding of its neurobiological and neurocognitive bases. Published articles in the journal are expected to have significant theoretical novelty and/or practical implications, and use perspectives and methods from psychology, linguistics, and neuroscience along with brain data and brain measures.

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