查尔斯国王在英议会开幕致辞！看点却是…【附演讲全文】
当地时间11月7日，英国议会开幕，英国国王查尔斯三世首次在议会开幕仪式上发表演讲。据英国媒体报道，这是英国70年来首场由国王发表的议会开幕致辞，英国政府明年的主要政策也在国王演讲中公布。
Britain's King Charles III gives the first King's Speech in more than 70 years Tuesday, formally opening the UK parliament with a run-down of his government's legislative plans.
（图源：X@Reuters）
外媒报道称，在演讲中，他公布了21项新法案，其中包括打击犯罪，推动经济民生及卫生医疗发展，舒缓民众对于零排放目标的负担等。按照传统，查尔斯需要“念稿子”，而撰稿的则是英国政府。
所以，外媒也认为，这次“国王演讲”是在推出苏纳克的能源政策计划以及立法议程。而更重要的是，距离英国选举的日期，也越来越近了。外媒报道称，英国大选或将于明年秋季举行。
（图源：France 24）
《金融时报》称，这是苏纳克的在大选前的“最终法案”，而英国保守党近来支持率堪忧，在一些民调中落后工党20个百分点。
（图源：《金融时报》）
英国《独立报》也认为这次国王演讲的机会，几乎是保守党的“最后一招”。只不过，用“掷骰子（roll of the dice）”一词表述，也能体现出报道对于保守党前景莫测的态度。
（图源：《独立报》）
尽管这可能是最后一招，但是《都市报》却认为毫无新意：推出新法的数量是自2014年以来最少的一次，其中7项是上一个议会会期提出的，而且没有任何一条具备扭转局面的份量。也难怪报道会把瞌睡符号（ZZZ）打在公屏上。
（图源：《独立报》）
而相比于几家英国媒体的反应，《纽约时报》的一篇报道更值得玩味：
查尔斯三世，气候问题的积极倡导者，在致辞中与自己的理念相悖
（图源：《纽约时报》）
报道称，苏纳克的法案中，有一条在于支持扩大英国开采北海的油气资源；而数十年来，查尔斯在不同场合都展现过自己对环保、对绿色发展、气候变化问题的立场。报道称，这可能并非查尔斯所希望的，甚至和他个人观点相左（sharply at variance with his personal views）。
For a lifelong supporter of environmental causes, a plan to expand oil and gas drilling in the North Sea was probably not what King Charles III had hoped to announce when he opened Britain’s Parliament for the first time as monarch.
如果说在议会的致辞是“国王首秀”，而当查尔斯在演讲结束走出议会后，还要面对新的考验：抗议者的嘘声。
（图源：天空新闻）
Britain's King Charles III was booed by protesters as he left parliament after outlining Rishi Sunak's agenda for the year ahead.
英媒报道称，查尔斯三世国王和卡米拉王后，乘坐“钻禧马车（Diamond Jubilee State Coach）”从道路中央驶过，而反君主制抗议者聚集在道路两旁，举着标语高喊口号“不是我的国王（Not my King）”。现场还可以听到人群发出的嘘声。
（图源：天空新闻）
此外，查尔斯乘坐的豪华座驾，也招致非议。
（图源：X@BBC Breaking News）
在X（原推特）平台上，BBC的新闻评论下有这样一条网友留言：
嘴上说着“生活成本”问题，却乘坐着字面意义上的黄金座驾，扎心！
（图源：X平台）
据外媒报道，英国议会开幕典礼标志着“议会年”的开始。目前的仪式最早可以追溯到1852年。而君主现身议会开幕典礼，已经是英国多年来的政治传统。中间几经波折，爱德华七世时期（19世纪末-20世纪初），他将开幕仪式打造成庆典，其中就包括了乘坐“国驾”穿过伦敦街道的环节。
Established in the late 14th century, the state opening marks the beginning of the parliamentary year. The modern ceremony dates to 1852, when a rebuilt Parliament reopened after a fire. King Edward VII, revived the state opening as a ceremonial occasion, including a procession in the state coach through the streets of London. King Edward VII revived the state opening as a ceremonial occasion, including a procession in the state coach through the streets of London.
而对于今年的议会致辞和典礼环节，《纽约时报》则评价道：和100多年前的爱德华七世时期相比，今年的典礼则有一些“现代点缀”：包括了反君主制抗议，以及查尔斯朝他们静静挥手。
More than a century later, Tuesday’s event followed a similar pattern with a few modern additions, including the presence of anti-monarchy protesters assembled along the route taken by the king’s carriage — to whom Charles waved, calmly.
以下为查尔斯三世2023年议会开幕演讲音视频和全文↓
King Charles III’s Speech at the State Opening of Parliament
7 November 2023
My Lords and Members of the House of Commons
It is mindful of the legacy of service and devotion to this country set by My beloved Mother, The late Queen, that I deliver this, the first King’s Speech in over 70 years.
The impact of Covid and the war in Ukraine have created significant long-term challenges for the United Kingdom. That is why my Government’s priority is to make the difficult but necessary long-term decisions to change this country for the better.
My Ministers’ focus is on increasing economic growth and safeguarding the health and security of the British people for generations to come.
My Government will continue to take action to bring down inflation, to ease the cost of living for families and help businesses fund new jobs and investment.
My Ministers will support the Bank of England to return inflation to target by taking responsible decisions on spending and borrowing. These decisions will help household finances, reduce public sector debt, and safeguard the financial security of the country.
Legislation will be introduced to strengthen the United Kingdom’s energy security and reduce reliance on volatile international energy markets and hostile foreign regimes. This Bill will support the future licensing of new oil and gas fields, helping the country to transition to net zero by 2050 without adding undue burdens on households.
Alongside this, my Ministers will seek to attract record levels of investment in renewable energy sources and reform grid connections, building on the United Kingdom’s track-record of decarbonising faster than other G7 economies.
My Government will invest in Network North to deliver faster and more reliable journeys between, and within, the cities and towns of the North and Midlands, prioritising improving the journeys that people make most often.
（图源：GOV. UK）
My Ministers will strengthen education for the long term. Steps will be taken to ensure young people have the knowledge and skills to succeed, through the introduction of the Advanced British Standard that will bring technical and academic routes into a single qualification. Proposals will be implemented to reduce the number of young people studying poor-quality university degrees and increase the number undertaking high quality apprenticeships.
My Ministers will take steps to make the economy more competitive, taking advantage of freedoms afforded by the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union. A bill will be brought forward to promote trade and investment with economies in the fastest-growing region in the world. My Ministers will continue to negotiate trade agreements with dynamic economies, delivering jobs and growth in the United Kingdom.
My Ministers will introduce new legal frameworks to support the safe commercial development of emerging industries, such as self-driving vehicles, introduce new competition rules for digital markets, and encourage innovation in technologies such as machine learning. Legislation will be brought forward to support the creative industries and protect public interest journalism. Proposals will be published to reform welfare and support more people into work.
My Government will promote the integrity of the Union and strengthen the social fabric of the United Kingdom.
Working with NHS England, my Government will deliver its plans to cut waiting lists and transform the long-term workforce of the National Health Service. This will include delivering on the NHS workforce plan, the first long-term plan to train the doctors and nurses the country needs, and minimum service levels to prevent strikes from undermining patient safety. Record levels of investment are expanding and transforming mental health services to ensure more people can access the support they need. My Government will introduce legislation to create a smokefree generation by restricting the sale of tobacco so that children currently aged fourteen or younger can never be sold cigarettes, and restricting the sale and marketing of ecigarettes to children.
My Ministers will bring forward a bill to reform the housing market by making it cheaper and easier for leaseholders to purchase their freehold and tackling the exploitation of millions of homeowners through punitive service charges. Renters will benefit from stronger security of tenure and better value, while landlords will benefit from reforms to provide certainty that they can regain their properties when needed.
My Government will deliver a long-term plan to regenerate towns and put local people in control of their future. Legislation will be brought forward to safeguard the future of football clubs for the benefit of communities and fans. A bill will be introduced to deal with the scourge of unlicensed pedicabs in London.
My Government is committed to tackling antisemitism and ensuring that the Holocaust is never forgotten. A bill will progress the construction of a national Holocaust Memorial and Learning Centre in Victoria Tower Gardens.
My Government will act to keep communities safe from crime, anti-social behaviour, terrorism and illegal migration.
A bill will be brought forward to ensure tougher sentences for the most serious offenders and increase the confidence of victims. My Ministers will introduce legislation to empower police forces and the criminal justice system to prevent new or complex crimes, such as digital-enabled crime and child sexual abuse, including grooming.
At a time when threats to national security are changing rapidly due to new technology, my Ministers will give the security and intelligence services the powers they need and will strengthen independent judicial oversight. Legislation will be introduced to protect public premises from terrorism in light of the Manchester Arena attack.
My Government will deliver on the Illegal Migration Act passed earlier this year and on international agreements, to stop dangerous and illegal Channel crossings and ensure it is the government, not criminal gangs, who decides who comes to this country.
My Government will continue to champion security around the world, to invest in our gallant Armed Forces and to support veterans to whom so much is owed. My Ministers will work closely with international partners to support Ukraine, strengthen NATO and address the most pressing security challenges. This includes the consequences of the barbaric acts of terrorism against the people of Israel, facilitating humanitarian support into Gaza and supporting the cause of peace and stability in the Middle East.
My Government will continue to lead action on tackling climate change and biodiversity loss, support developing countries with their energy transition, and hold other countries to their environmental commitments.
The United Kingdom will continue to lead international discussions to ensure that Artificial Intelligence is developed safely.
My Government will host the Global Investment Summit, the European Political Community, and the Energy Conference, leading global conversations on the United Kingdom’s most pressing challenges.
I look forward to welcoming His Excellency the President of the Republic of Korea and Mrs. Kim Keon Hee for a State Visit later this month.
My Government will, in all respects, seek to make long-term decisions in the interests of future generations. My Ministers will address inflation and the drivers of low growth over demands for greater spending or borrowing. My Ministers will put the security of communities and the nation ahead of the rights of those who endanger it. By taking these long-term decisions, my Government will change this country and build a better future.
Members of the House of Commons:
Estimates for the public services will be laid before you.
My Lords and Members of the House of Commons:
Other measures will be laid before you.
I pray that the blessing of Almighty God may rest upon your counsels.
终审｜清欢
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