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07.深入浅出 Spring Boot - 数据访问之Mybatis(附代码下载)

悟空聊架构 悟空聊架构 2020-10-12

阅读目录

  • 一、什么是MyBatis

  • 二、整合MyBatis

  • 三、用注解方式使用 MyBatis

  • 四、用配置方式使用 MyBatis

MyBatis 在Spring Boot应用非常广,非常强大的一个半自动的ORM框架。

代码下载:

https://github.com/Jackson0714/study-spring-boot.git


深入浅出Spring Boot系列

05. 深入浅出Spring Boot - 数据访问之JDBC(源码分析+代码下载)

06. 深入浅出 Spring Boot - 数据访问之Druid(附代码下载)


本文一共2778字,阅读需要10分钟 

一、什么是MyBatis

  1. 支持定制化SQL、存储过程以及高级映射的优秀的持久层框架
  2. 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集
  3. 可以对配置和原生Map使用简单的 XML 或注解
  4. 将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录
  5. 数据库、数据源、数据库连接池、JDBC、JDBC实现是什么关系?

  • JDBC:Java和关系型数据库的桥梁,是一个规范,不是实现。不同类型的数据库需要有自己的JDBC实现

  • 数据源:包含数据库连接池,连接池管理。常见的有C3P0、HikariDataSoiurce、Druid等

  • 连接池:预先创建一些数据库连接,放到连接池里面,用的时候从连接池里面取,用完后放回连接池

  • 连接池管理:创建数据库连接,管理数据库连接

  • JDBC实现:MySQL JDBC实现、Oracle JDBC实现等其他实现

  • MyBatis对JDBC进行了封装

二、整合MyBatis

我们基于之前创建的项目spring-boot-06-data-druid 来创建spring-boot-07-data-mybatis项目

1)引入MyBatis依赖

<!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>

2)引入其他依赖

<dependencies>
<!-- web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- swagger -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.21</version>
</dependency>

3)依赖图

三、用注解方式使用 MyBatis

1.准备创建department表的脚本

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;
CREATE TABLE `department` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`department_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2.application.yml 自动执行脚本

initialization-mode: always
schema:
- classpath:department.sql

执行一次后,注释 initialization-mode

# initialization-mode: always

3.创建department 实体类

package com.jackson0714.springboot.entity;
public class Department { private Long id; private String departmentName;
public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; }
public Long getId() { return id; }
public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) { this.departmentName = departmentName; }
public String getDepartmentName() { return departmentName; }}

4.创建Mapper映射类,并将SQL注解到方法上

增删改查,你要的都在这里:

@Mapperpublic interface DepartmentMapper {
@Select("select * from department") List<Map<String, Object>> getAllDepartment();
@Select("select * from department where id=#{id}") Department getDepartmentById(Long id);
@Delete("delete from department where id=#{id}") int deleteDepartment(Long id);
@Insert("insert into department(department_name) values(#{departmentName})") int createDepartment(String departmentName);
@Update("update department set department_name=#{departmentName} where id=#{id}") int updateDepartmentById(Long id, String departmentName);}

5.创建MyBatis 配置类

增加自定义配置:如果表的字段名有下划线格式的,转为驼峰命名格式

@org.springframework.context.annotation.Configurationpublic class MyBatisConfig { @Bean public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer() { return new ConfigurationCustomizer() { @Override public void customize(Configuration configuration) { // 如果表的字段名有下划线格式的,转为驼峰命名格式 configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true); } }; }}

6.创建DepartmentController

@Api(value = "DepartmentController", description = "部门controller")@RequestMapping("/v1/client")@RestControllerpublic class DepartmentController {
@Autowired DepartmentMapper departmentMapper;
@ApiOperation(value = "1.查询所有部门") @GetMapping("/dept/getAllDepartment") public List<Map<String, Object>> getAllDepartment() { return departmentMapper.getAllDepartment(); }
@ApiOperation(value = "2.根据id查询某个部门") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "需要查询的部门id") }) @GetMapping("/dept/{id}") public Department getDepartmentById(@PathVariable Long id) { return departmentMapper.getDepartmentById(id); }
@ApiOperation(value = "3.新增部门") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "name", value = "部门名称") }) @PostMapping("/dept/create") public int createDepartment(@RequestParam String name) { return departmentMapper.createDepartment(name); }
@ApiOperation(value = "4.根据id删除部门") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "需要删除的部门id") }) @PostMapping("/dept/delete") public int deleteDepartment(@RequestParam Long id) { return departmentMapper.deleteDepartment(id); }
@ApiOperation(value = "5.根据id更新部门名称") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "需要更新的部门id"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "name", value = "需要更新的部门名称") }) @PostMapping("/dept/update") public int updateDepartmentById(@RequestParam Long id, @RequestParam String name) { return departmentMapper.updateDepartmentById(id, name); }}

使用Swagger来测试

四、用配置方式使用 MyBatis

1. 文件结构

2. 创建user表的脚本

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ------------------------------ Table structure for user-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;CREATE TABLE `user` ( `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID', `user_name` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名', `password` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin NOT NULL, `salt` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '随机盐', `nickName` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名', `phone` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号', `avatar` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像', `mini_openId` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '小程序OpenId', `lock_flag` char(1) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0-正常,9-锁定', `del_flag` char(1) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0-正常,1-删除', `create_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间', `update_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间', PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`), KEY `user_wx_openid` (`mini_openId`), KEY `user_idx1_username` (`user_name`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC COMMENT='用户表';

3. 插入一条User数据

INSERT INTO user(user_name, password, nick_name, phone) values ("jackson0714", "123", "悟空聊架构", "123456")

4. 创建User实体类

package com.jackson0714.springboot.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
@Datapublic class User {
private Long userId; private String userName; private String password; private String salt; private String nickName; private String phone; private String avatar; private String miniOpenId; private String openId; private Boolean lockFlag; private Boolean delFlag; private Timestamp createTime; private Timestamp updateTime;}

需要安装Lombok插件

需要引入Lombok依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

5. 创建调用User方法的 UserMapper 接口

// @Mapper 或MapperScan 将接口扫描装配到装配容器中
public interface UserMapper {
User getUserById(Long userId);
}

6. 创建接口方法与SQL脚本的映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.jackson0714.springboot.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="getUserById" resultType="com.jackson0714.springboot.entity.User">
SELECT * FROM user WHERE user_id=#{userId}
</select>
</mapper>

7. 创建UserController文件

@Api(value = "UserController", description = "用户controller")@RequestMapping("/v1/client")@RestControllerpublic class UserController {
@Autowired UserMapper userMapper;
@ApiOperation(value = "1.根据id查询某个用户") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "需要查询的用户userId", value = "需要查询的用户userId") }) @GetMapping("/emp/{userId}") public User getUser(@PathVariable("userId") Long userId) { return userMapper.getUserById(userId); }}

8. 添加MapperScan注解

@MapperScan(value = "com.jackson0714.springboot.mapper")@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Springboot07DataMybatisApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Springboot07DataMybatisApplication.class, args); }}

9.在Swagger上测试

10. 查看Druid监控

代码下载:

https://github.com/Jackson0714/study-spring-boot.git


深入浅出Spring Boot系列

05. 深入浅出Spring Boot - 数据访问之JDBC(源码分析+代码下载)

06. 深入浅出 Spring Boot - 数据访问之Druid(附代码下载)


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