我们强烈反对日本核污染水排海

8月24日，日本政府无视国际社会的强烈质疑和反对，单方面强行启动福岛核事故污染水排海。

🤔️小作业：

1. How has Tepco addressed concerns about the radioactive content in the discharged water?

a. By issuing a public apology to affected countries.

b. By posting data online comparing radioactive nuclide concentrations to WHO standards.

c. By paying compensation to every country affected.

d. They haven't addressed concerns about radioactive content.

a. Critical and skeptical.

b. Neutral without providing any specific guidelines.

c. Supportive and in agreement with the plan's feasibility.

d. Concerned but awaiting further results from Tepco.

无注释原文：

Japan Starts Releasing Water From Fukushima Nuclear Plant Into Pacific

From: The Wall Street Journal

Japan began discharging slightly radioactive wastewater from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant on Thursday, prompting China to suspend the import of all Japanese fish and other aquatic products.

Plant operator Tokyo Electric Power, or Tepco, said it started releasing the water into the Pacific Ocean from a discharge point at the end of an undersea tunnel about six-tenths of a mile from the shoreline. The government had announced the planned discharge on Tuesday.

In China, the government said it would completely suspend aquatic imports such as fish and shellfish from Japan.

Previously, China had restricted Japanese food imports only from Fukushima and the surrounding regions. China took in more than a fifth of Japan’s aquatic exports by value last year, making it the world’s biggest customer for Japanese seafood.

Japan has said China’s import restrictions aren’t rooted in science and run against the trend of others such as the U.S. and European Union that have removed curbs on Japanese food. South Korea has maintained import curbs on food from Fukushima and nearby, citing widespread fears among the public.

Tepco said the water discharge was a key step toward ensuring that the Fukushima Daiichi plant can be cleaned up and decommissioned.

Asked at a news conference about China’s import ban, Tepco President Tomoaki Kobayakawa said: “China is an important trade partner for Japan. So we need to give them a thorough explanation about safety.” He said Tepco would compensate those who suffered from the ban and work to persuade Beijing to withdraw it.

Japan plans to release more than 1.3 million tons of water with small quantities of radioactive tritium over some three decades. In early July, the International Atomic Energy Agency, a United Nations body, gave the green light to the plan. 

Japan and the IAEA say the discharges of tritium water are similar to those carried out by many nations including China that operate nuclear-power plants, except the quantity of tritium is less than that released by Chinese plants.

China said it questioned the accuracy of Japanese data showing the water has minuscule levels of radioactive elements and won’t affect human health. 

“To forcibly start the ocean discharge is an extremely selfish and irresponsible act in disregard of the global public interest,” Beijing’s foreign ministry said in a statement issued shortly after the release.

Tepco said it planned for the first discharge to last 17 consecutive days. After three further discharge periods planned by next March, slightly more than 2% of the currently accumulated water will be released, it said.

Tepco said it would take water samples and post on its website data on the concentration of radioactive nuclides compared with the levels recommended for drinking water by the World Health Organization. 

An earthquake and tsunami knocked out power at the Fukushima nuclear plant on March 11, 2011, causing meltdowns at three reactors. Water used to cool reactor cores as well as rainwater and groundwater that flowed into or near the plant have been contaminated with radioactive substances. Tepco has stored the water in more than 1,000 tanks at the facility but says it is running out of room. 

A group of Pacific island states on Wednesday eased away from earlier skepticism about the water discharge, saying it noted the IAEA’s conclusions that the water discharge would have negligible impact on human health, although member states had various views.

In Japan, local fishermen remain opposed to the discharge because of the reputational damage. The Japanese government said it has set aside the equivalent of $550 million to support fishermen and businesses affected by the discharge, while Tepco said it has spent more than $70 billion to compensate for damage suffered by individuals and businesses since the 2011 nuclear accident.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为华尔街日报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Japan Starts Releasing Water From Fukushima Nuclear Plant Into Pacific

From: The Wall Street Journal

Japan began discharging slightly radioactive wastewater from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant on Thursday, prompting China to suspend the import of all Japanese fish and other aquatic products.

日本周四开始向海中排放福岛第一核电站略带放射性的废水，这促使中国暂停进口所有日本鱼类和其他水产品。

作动词，1）表示“准许（某人）离开；解雇；（尤指）允许…出院；（根据法庭决议）释放”，英文解释为“to give sb official permission to leave a place or job; to make sb leave a job”举个🌰：Patients were being discharged from the hospital too early. 病人都过早获准出院。More than half of all prisoners discharged are reconvicted within two years. 在获释的犯人中有一半多在两年内又被再次判刑。

2）表示“开（枪），射出（子弹）”，英文解释为“to fire a gun, or to fire a shot from a gun”举个🌰：The police stated that some 10 rounds had been discharged. 警方称大约射出了10发子弹。

作名词，1）表示“开枪，开火”，英文解释为“the action of firing a gun”。

2）表示“（尤指废液或废气的）排放”，英文解释为“the act of sending out waste liquid or gas”

表示“放射性的”，英文解释为“Something that is radioactive contains a substance that produces energy in the form of powerful and harmful rays. ”举个🌰：The government has been storing radioactive waste at Fernald for 50 years. 该政府50年来一直在弗纳德储存放射性废物。

熟词僻义，作名词，表示“工厂；电厂”，英文解释为“A plant is a factory or a place where power is produced.”

作名词，1）表示“（计算机屏幕上的）提示符（显示计算机已经准备好接受指令）”，英文解释为“a sign on a computer screen that shows that the computer is ready to receive your instructions”

2）表示“（给演员的）提词，提白”，英文解释为“words that are spoken to an actor who has forgotten what he or she is going to say during the performance of a play”

3）作动词，表示“促使；导致；激起”，英文解释为“to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen”举个🌰：His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd. 他的讲话激起了人群中一男子的愤怒。

📺美剧《斯巴达克斯：血与沙》（Spartacus: Blood and Sand）中的台词提到：One cannot but wonder what would prompt such an act 不知他们为何遭此不幸。

4）作动词，表示“（尤指）给（演员）提词”，英文解释为“to help someone, especially an actor, to remember what they were going to say or do”举个🌰：I forgot my line and had to be prompted. 我忘词了，只好让人提词。

1）表示“（因犯错而）暂令停职；暂令停学；暂令停止参加活动”，英文解释为“If someone is suspended from work, school, etc., they are temporarily not allowed to work, go to school, or take part in an activity because of having done something wrong.”举个🌰：He was suspended for four games after arguing with the referee. 跟裁判发生争执之后，他被停赛4场。

2）表示“暂停”，英文解释为“If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it”举个🌰：The union suspended the action this week. 工会本周暂停了这一行动。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述英国房价上涨的文章中提到：Britain has temporarily suspended stamp duty, a tax on buying houses. 英国已经暂停征收购房印花税。

3）表示“悬挂”，英文解释为“to hang”举个🌰：The builders worked on wooden platforms, suspended by ropes from the roof of the building. 建筑工人站在用绳子从房顶上吊下来的木制平台上作业。

可用作动词，也可以作名词，表示“进口”，英文解释为“to buy or bring in products from another country”举个🌰：We import a large number of cars from Japan. 我们从日本进口大量的汽车。

反义词：

📍export表示“出口；输出”，英文解释为“to send goods to another country for sale”。

aquatic /əˈkwæt.ɪk/ 表示“水栖的；水生的；水上的；水中（进行）的”，英文解释为“living or growing in, happening in, or connected with water”如：aquatic plants 水生植物。

Plant operator Tokyo Electric Power, or Tepco, said it started releasing the water into the Pacific Ocean from a discharge point at the end of an undersea tunnel about six-tenths of a mile from the shoreline. The government had announced the planned discharge on Tuesday.

核电站运营商东京电力（Tokyo Electric Power）称，已开始从距海岸约0.6英里的海底隧道末端的排放点向太平洋排放污水。日本政府于周二宣布了上述排放计划。

tunnel /ˈtʌn.əl/ 表示“隧道；地道；坑道”，英文解释为“a long passage under or through the ground, especially one made by people”举个🌰：The train went into the tunnel. 火车驶入隧道。

📍the tunnel还可以特指“（足球或橄榄球等比赛时球员走向球场的）球员通道”，英文解释为“the long passage through which football, rugby etc. players walk to get to the pitch”。

shoreline /ˈʃɔː.laɪn/ 表示“海岸线；;湖滨线；河岸线”，英文解释为“the edge of a sea, lake, or wide river”

In China, the government said it would completely suspend aquatic imports such as fish and shellfish from Japan.

中国政府表示将全面暂停从日本进口鱼类和贝类等水产品。

表示“甲壳类水生动物”，英文解释为“sea creatures that live in shells and are eaten as food, or one of these creatures”举个🌰：Lobsters, crabs, and oysters are all shellfish. 龙虾、螃蟹和牡蛎都是甲壳类水产品。

Previously, China had restricted Japanese food imports only from Fukushima and the surrounding regions. China took in more than a fifth of Japan’s aquatic exports by value last year, making it the world’s biggest customer for Japanese seafood.

此前，中国只对来自福岛及其周边地区的日本食品进口设限。按货值计算，去年中国占日本水产品出口的五分之一以上，是日本海产品的全球最大客户。

Japan has said China’s import restrictions aren’t rooted in science and run against the trend of others such as the U.S. and European Union that have removed curbs on Japanese food. South Korea has maintained import curbs on food from Fukushima and nearby, citing widespread fears among the public.

日本已表示，中国的进口限制没有科学依据，与美国和欧盟等其他国家取消对日本食品限制的趋势背道而驰。韩国以公众普遍担忧为由，继续限制从福岛及其附近地区进口食品。

可以作动词，也可以作名词，表示“控制，抑制，限定，约束（不好的事物）”，英文解释为“to control or limit sth, especially sth bad”举个🌰：A range of policies have been introduced aimed at curbing inflation. 为了抑制通货膨胀实施了一系列的政策。（名词）He called for much stricter curbs on immigration. 他呼吁对移民实行更为严格的限制。

Tepco said the water discharge was a key step toward ensuring that the Fukushima Daiichi plant can be cleaned up and decommissioned.

东京电力表示，排出废水是确保福岛第一核电站得到清理和停用的关键一步。

表示“停止使用”，英文解释为“When something such as a nuclear reactor or a large machine is decommissioned, it is taken out of use and taken apart because it is no longer going to be used.”举个🌰：The ships were to be decommissioned. 这些船即将被停止使用。

Asked at a news conference about China’s import ban, Tepco President Tomoaki Kobayakawa said: “China is an important trade partner for Japan. So we need to give them a thorough explanation about safety.” He said Tepco would compensate those who suffered from the ban and work to persuade Beijing to withdraw it.

东京电力总裁Tomoaki Kobayakawa在一次新闻发布会上被问及中国的进口禁令时说：“中国是日本的重要贸易伙伴。因此，我们需要向中方作出一个有关安全的彻底解释。”他表示，东京电力将向那些因禁令而遭受损失的人提供赔偿，并努力说服中国政府撤销禁令。

compensate /ˈkɒm.pən.seɪt/ 表示“弥补，补偿，抵消”，英文解释为“to provide something good or useful in place of something or to make someone feel better about something that has failed or been lost or missed”举个🌰：Nothing will ever compensate for his lost childhood. 什么也不能弥补他失去的童年。

persuade /pəˈsweɪd/ 表示“劝服；说服”，英文解释为“to make someone do or believe something by giving them a good reason to do it or by talking to that person and making them believe it”举个🌰：If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will persuade her. 如果她不想去，你说什么也劝不动她。

表示“抽回；取回；提取；撤回；撤离；退出；移回”，英文解释为“to take or move out or back, or to remove”举个🌰：She had to withdraw from the competition because of a leg injury. 她因伤只好退出了比赛。

Japan plans to release more than 1.3 million tons of water with small quantities of radioactive tritium over some three decades. In early July, the International Atomic Energy Agency, a United Nations body, gave the green light to the plan. 

日本计划在大约30年内排放130多万吨含有少量放射性氚的污水。今年7月初，国际原子能机构（IAEA）批准了这一计划。

表示“（尤指可测量或确定的）量，数量，分量”，英文解释为“the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured”举个🌰：Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession. 警方发现他携带大/少量毒品。

tritium /ˈtrɪtɪəm/ 表示“氚”，英文解释为“an isotope  (= a different form) of hydrogen with a mass that is three times that of the usual isotope”。

Japan and the IAEA say the discharges of tritium water are similar to those carried out by many nations including China that operate nuclear-power plants, except the quantity of tritium is less than that released by Chinese plants.

日本和国际原子能机构称，东京电力的含氚污水排放与中国等许多运营核电站的国家所进行的排放类似，只是氚含量低于中国核电站排放的污水。

China said it questioned the accuracy of Japanese data showing the water has minuscule levels of radioactive elements and won’t affect human health. 

日本数据显示，核污水中的放射性元素含量极低，不会影响人体健康。中国则质疑日本数据的准确性。

minuscule /ˈmɪn.ə.skjuːl/ 表示“微小的，极小的”，英文解释为“extremely small”举个🌰：All she gave him to eat was two minuscule pieces of toast. 她只给他吃了两小片烤面包。

“To forcibly start the ocean discharge is an extremely selfish and irresponsible act in disregard of the global public interest,” Beijing’s foreign ministry said in a statement issued shortly after the release.

中国外交部在日本开始排放核污染水不久后发表的一份声明中称：“强行启动向海洋排放福岛核污染水，属无视国际公共利益的极端自私和不负责任之举。”

forcibly /ˈfɔː.sə.bli/ 1）表示“强迫地，有力地，诉诸暴力地”，英文解释为“in a way that uses physical power or violence；in a way that happens or is done against someone's wishes, especially with the use of physical force”举个🌰：She was soon to be forcibly married. 她很快就被迫结婚了。

Tepco said it planned for the first discharge to last 17 consecutive days. After three further discharge periods planned by next March, slightly more than 2% of the currently accumulated water will be released, it said.

东京电力表示，计划在17天内完成第一批核污染水的排放。该公司称，计划在明年3月之前再进行三批排放，到那时，累计排放量将相当于当前积存的核污染水量的2%多一点。

表示“连续的，连贯的，不间断的”，英文解释为“Consecutive events, numbers, etc. follow one after another without an interruption.”举个🌰：This is the fifth consecutive weekend that I've spent working. 这是我连续第五个周末加班。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述绿色风投的文章中提到：Last year taxpayer-funded green-energy R&D around the world rose for the third consecutive year, to a record $25.4bn, accroding to the IEA. 根据国际能源署的数据，去年全球受政府资助的绿色能源研发连续第三年增长，达到创纪录的254亿美元。

表示“积累；积聚；积攒”，英文解释为“to collect a large number of things over a long period of time”举个🌰：As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes. 人们积累了更多财富后，他们的花费占收入的比重也往往会增加。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情期间房价上涨的文章中提到：Professionals who have carried on working from home but cut back on their spending have accumulated cash to splash. 那些改换成在家中继续工作但减少了开支的专业人士则积攒了可大笔支出的现金。

对比：

📍amass 表示“（尤指大量）积累，积聚”，英文解释为“to collect sth, especially in large quantities”举个🌰：He amassed a fortune from delivering newspapers.他靠送报纸积累了一笔财富。

📍rack up表示“大量获得（利润）；严重遭受（损失）；（体育中）多次赢得（比赛）”，英文解释为“If a business racks up profits, losses, or sales, it makes a lot of them. If a sportsman, sportswoman, or team racks up wins, they win a lot of games or races.”

Tepco said it would take water samples and post on its website data on the concentration of radioactive nuclides compared with the levels recommended for drinking water by the World Health Organization. 

东京电力表示，将采集水样，并在其网站上公布放射性核素浓度与世界卫生组织（WHO）建议的饮用水核素浓度的比较数据。

表示“推荐，介绍；建议”，英文解释为“to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done”举个🌰：I can recommend the chicken in mushroom sauce - it's delicious. 我可以向您推荐蘑菇汁鸡肉——这道菜非常可口。

📍单词“recommend”由词根“-mend”（来自拉丁语“mendare”，表示“赞扬”）和前缀“reco-”（表示强调）组成。想象你正在强烈推荐一道美味的鸡肉沙拉，这就是“recommend”。

An earthquake and tsunami knocked out power at the Fukushima nuclear plant on March 11, 2011, causing meltdowns at three reactors. Water used to cool reactor cores as well as rainwater and groundwater that flowed into or near the plant have been contaminated with radioactive substances. Tepco has stored the water in more than 1,000 tanks at the facility but says it is running out of room. 

2011年3月11日，一场地震和海啸导致福岛第一核电站断电，造成三个反应堆熔毁。用于冷却反应堆堆芯的水以及流入该核电站或其附近的雨水和地下水都受到了放射性物质的污染。东京电力将这些核污染水存放在该核电站的1,000多个储水罐中，但表示即将耗尽存储空间。

tsunami /tsuːˈnɑː.mi/ 表示“海啸”，英文解释为“an extremely large wave caused by a violent movement of the earth under the sea”

1) 表示“使失去知觉；使昏昏欲睡”，英文解释为“To knock someone out means to cause them to become unconscious or to go to sleep.”举个🌰：The three drinks knocked him out. 这3杯酒让他昏昏欲睡。

2) 表示“淘汰”，英文解释为“If a person or team is knocked out of a competition, they are defeated in a game, so that they take no more part in the competition.”举个🌰：He got knocked out in the first inning. 他在第1局就被淘汰了。

3) 表示“破坏”，英文解释为“If something is knocked out by enemy action or bad weather, it is destroyed or stops functioning because of it.”举个🌰：Our bombers have knocked out the mobile launchers. 我们的轰炸机已经破坏了那些移动发射台。

表示“（核反应堆的）堆芯熔毁”，英文解释为“If there is meltdown in a nuclear reactor, the fuel rods start melting because of a failure in the system, and radiation starts to escape.”

表示“污染；弄脏”，英文解释为“to make a substance or place dirty or no longer pure by adding a substance that is dangerous or carries disease”举个🌰：The drinking water has become contaminated with lead. 饮用水被铅污染了。

1）表示“物质；材料”，英文解释为“material with particular physical characteristics”如：an organic/chemical substance 有机/化学物质。

2）表示“重要性；要旨；实质；根据”，英文解释为“importance, seriousness, or relationship to real facts”举个🌰：There is no substance in/to the allegation. 这项指控毫无根据。

facility除了表示“设备，设施”，也可以指“（尤指包含多个建筑物，有特定用途的）场所”，英文解释为“a place, especially including buildings, where a particular activity happens”如：a new sports facility 新的运动场所。

A group of Pacific island states on Wednesday eased away from earlier skepticism about the water discharge, saying it noted the IAEA’s conclusions that the water discharge would have negligible impact on human health, although member states had various views.

周三，一个太平洋岛国组织不再像早些时候那样对日本核污染水排海持怀疑态度，表示已注意到国际原子能机构的结论，即日本的排放计划对人类健康的影响将是微乎其微的，尽管该组织的成员国持有不同看法。

美式 skepticism /ˈskep.tə.sɪ.zəm/ 英式 scepticism /ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/ 表示“怀疑态度；怀疑主义”，英文解释为“an attitude of doubting that claims or statements are true or that sth will happen”。

negligible /ˈneɡlɪdʒəbl/ 表示“微不足道的，可忽略的，不重要的”，英文解释为“too slight or small in amount to be of importance”举个🌰：The difference between the two products is negligible. 两种产品之间的差异微乎其微。

In Japan, local fishermen remain opposed to the discharge because of the reputational damage. The Japanese government said it has set aside the equivalent of $550 million to support fishermen and businesses affected by the discharge, while Tepco said it has spent more than $70 billion to compensate for damage suffered by individuals and businesses since the 2011 nuclear accident.

出于对声誉受损的担忧，日本当地渔民仍反对核污染水排海。日本政府表示，已拨出约合5.5亿美元的资金用于支持受排海计划影响的渔民和企业。东京电力则表示，自2011年该核电站事故以来，该公司已投入700多亿美元用于赔偿个人和企业遭受的损失。

1）作形容词，表示“（价值、数量、意义、重要性等）相等的，相同的”，英文解释为“equal in value, amount, meaning, importance, etc.”举个🌰：Eight kilometres is roughly equivalent to five miles. 八公里约等于五英里。

2）作名词，表示“相等的东西；等量；对应词”，英文解释为“a thing, amount, word, etc. that is equivalent to sth else”。

比如，提到Weibo时候会介绍为中国版的Twitter，常见的有几种说法：

🧣Weibo, China's Twitter-like service (SCMP)

🧣Weibo, the Chinese equivalent to Twitter (NPR NEWS)

🧣Twitter-like Weibo (Reuters)

🧣Weibo, a Twitter-like platform (NYT)

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