收到地震预警之后该怎么做

据中国地震台网正式测定，今天（8月6日）2点33分，在山东省德州市平原县发生5.5级地震，震源深度10千米。

🤔️小作业：

1. Which of the following can be inferred about Dezhou from the text?

A. It is a city with less than one million inhabitants.

B. It is a coastal city vulnerable to tsunamis.

C. It is located in the vicinity of Beijing.

D. It is a city with frequent earthquakes.

A. The earthquake was too weak to be accurately measured.

B. Different organizations have different measurement standards.

C. The China Earthquake Networks Center has more advanced technology.

D. The U.S. Geological Survey miscalculated.

无注释原文：

Earthquake in eastern China knocks down houses and injures at least 21, but no deaths reported

From: AP NEWS

An earthquake in eastern China before dawn Sunday knocked down houses and injured at least 21 people, according to state media, but no deaths were reported.

The magnitude 5.5 quake occurred near the city of Dezhou, about 300 kilometers (185 miles) south of Beijing, the Chinese capital, at 2:33 a.m., according to the China Earthquake Networks Center. The U.S. Geological Survey put the magnitude at 5.4.

The quake caused 126 homes to collapse and 21 people were injured, government broadcaster China Central Television and other news outlets reported.

TV broadcasters showed Dezhou residents who ran outdoors after the quake sitting on sidewalks in the predawn darkness. Video on social media showed bricks that had fallen from cracked walls.

Train lines were being inspected for possible damage, the official China News Service said. CCTV said gas service was shut off in some areas due to damage to pipes.

Dezhou and the surrounding area administered by the city have about 5.6 million people, according to the city government website.

The quake was centered about 10 kilometers (six miles) below the surface, according to the CENC.

“The closer to the surface the earthquake is, the stronger you are going to feel it,” said Abreu Paris, a geophysicist at the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Earthquake Information Center.

Tremors were felt in parts of Beijing, but authorities said no damage from the earthquake was found in the capital.

What to do if you get an earthquake early warning for real

From: KUOW Public Radio

If the region experiences a moderate to strong quake in the near future, a successful alert will say basically, "Earthquake detected! Drop, cover, hold on. Protect yourself."

"This just gives you a few seconds of warning so that you can get to your safe area much quicker," said Althea Rizzo, who works on earthquake preparedness at the Oregon Office of Emergency Management.

"What we recommend people do is drop, cover and hold on until the shaking stops. Then, if you are in the tsunami inundation zone on the coast, to start evacuating," Rizzo said in an interview.

"If you’re driving in a car, the appropriate action would be to pull over and stop the car, if possible. If you’re in a building, stay in a building," said Pacific Northwest Seismic Network director Harold Tobin. "Most injuries from earthquakes in the U.S. are not from the catastrophic collapse of a building but from falling objects — lights, ceiling tiles, etc."

Newer smartphones running on the Android operating system now come with built-in quake detection and alerting software created by Google.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Earthquake in eastern China knocks down houses and injures at least 21, but no deaths reported

From: AP NEWS

An earthquake in eastern China before dawn Sunday knocked down houses and injured at least 21 people, according to state media, but no deaths were reported.

据中国官方媒体报道，周日凌晨，中国东部发生地震，造成房屋倒塌，至少21人受伤，未有人员死亡报告。

1）表示“拆掉，拆毁（建筑物等）”，英文解释为“to destroy a building or part of a building”举个🌰：There are plans to knock the library down and replace it with a hotel complex. 计划拆除图书馆，改建酒店综合大楼。

2）表示“反驳，驳倒”，英文解释为“to show that what someone has said is not true ”举个🌰：She easily knocked down every argument he put up. 她轻而易举地驳倒了他提出的每个论点。

dawn /dɔːn/ 表示“拂晓，破晓，黎明”，英文解释为“the period in the day when light from the sun begins to appear in the sky”举个🌰：We woke at dawn. 天一亮我们就醒了。

补充：

📍The darkest hour is just before the dawn.表示“黑暗即将过去，黎明就在眼前”，英文解释为“said to emphasize that things often seem at their worst just before they get better”

The magnitude 5.5 quake occurred near the city of Dezhou, about 300 kilometers (185 miles) south of Beijing, the Chinese capital, at 2:33 a.m., according to the China Earthquake Networks Center. The U.S. Geological Survey put the magnitude at 5.4.

据中国地震台网中心测定，震中位于德州市附近，距离中国首都北京市约300公里（185英里），地震发生在凌晨2:33，震级为5.5级。美国地质调查局测定震级为5.4级。

magnitude /ˈmæɡ.nɪ.tʃuːd/ 1）表示“（尺寸、规模、重要性等）大的程度；巨大；重大，重要性”，英文解释为“the large size or importance of something”举个🌰：They don't seem to grasp the magnitude of the problem. 他们似乎未领会问题的重要性。

2）表示“震级”（the size of an earthquake）。

geological /ˌdʒi.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“地质的；地质学的”，英文解释为“relating to geology, or to the geology of a particular area or place”如：a geological survey/map 地质勘察/图。

The quake caused 126 homes to collapse and 21 people were injured, government broadcaster China Central Television and other news outlets reported.

据中国中央电视台和其他新闻媒体报道，此次地震导致126座房屋倒塌，21人受伤。

collapse /kəˈlæps/ 作名词，表示“（系统、组织、企业等的）崩溃，瓦解，失败”，英文解释为“the sudden failure of a system, organization, business, etc.”举个🌰：I don't know what caused the collapse of her marriage. 我不知道她婚姻失败的原因是什么。

作动词，表示“崩溃，垮掉，失败”，英文解释为“to suddenly be unable to continue or work correctly”举个🌰：Talks between management and unions have collapsed. 劳资谈判彻底破裂。

1）表示“广播员；（电视或电台的）节目主持人”，英文解释为“a person whose job is presenting or talking on television or radio programmes”

2）表示“电视台；广播公司”，英文解释为“a company that sends out television or radio programmes”。

outlet/outlets一词经常出现，media outlet / news outlets 都可以表示媒体/新闻机构；outlet本身表示“商店，商行；销售公司；专卖店；直销店”，英文解释为“An outlet is a shop or organization which sells the goods made by a particular manufacturer or at a discount price, often direct from the manufacturer.”如：a fast-food outlet 快餐店 a retail outlet 零售店，举个🌰：At the factory outlet you'll find discounted items at up to 75% off regular prices. 在工厂的直销店里，你会找到比常规价低75%的打折商品。

📍而我们日常生活中常见的“奥特莱斯”商场就是outlets的音译，指的就是品牌直销购物中心。

此外，也可以指“（情绪或精力的）发泄方式，发泄途径，施展的机会”，英文解释为“a way in which emotion or energy can be expressed or made use of”举个🌰：Her work provided no outlet for her energies and talents. 她的工作没有给她提供发泄精力及施展才华的机会。

TV broadcasters showed Dezhou residents who ran outdoors after the quake sitting on sidewalks in the predawn darkness. Video on social media showed bricks that had fallen from cracked walls.

电视台播出了地震后逃至室外的德州居民坐在凌晨黑暗中的人行道上的画面。社交媒体上的视频显示，砖块从裂开的墙上掉落下来。

sidewalk /ˈsaɪd.wɔːk/ 表示“人行道”，英文解释为“a path with a hard surface on one or both sides of a road, that people walk on”举个🌰：Keep on the sidewalk. 沿着人行道走。

brick /brɪk/ 表示“砖”，英文解释为“a rectangular block of hard material used for building walls and houses”举个🌰：The chimney was made of bricks. 烟囱是用砖砌的。

表示“破裂的；有裂缝的”，英文解释为“If something is cracked, it is damaged with one or more thin lines on its surface.”如：a cracked mirror/window 有裂纹的镜子/窗户。

Train lines were being inspected for possible damage, the official China News Service said. CCTV said gas service was shut off in some areas due to damage to pipes.

官方中国新闻社报道，正对相关列车线路进行设备检查。中央电视台表示，由于管网受损，一些地区的燃气服务已中断。

Dezhou and the surrounding area administered by the city have about 5.6 million people, according to the city government website.

据市政府网站显示，德州及其周边地区约有560万人口。

administration应该都不陌生，administer作动词，用来表示“管理，治理”（to manage the work or money of a company or organization），或者是表示“执行，实施；给予”，英文解释为“to provide or organize something officially as part of your job”举个🌰：It is not the job of the police to administer justice; that falls to the courts. 司法不是警方的职责，而是法院的职责。

此外，还有熟词僻义，指的是“施用（药物），给予（治疗），派发（药物）”，英文解释为“to give someone a medicine or medical treatment”举个🌰：Painkillers were administered to the boy. 已给那个男孩服了止痛药。

The quake was centered about 10 kilometers (six miles) below the surface, according to the CENC.

据中国地震台网中心称，地震震源深度10千米（6英里）。

“The closer to the surface the earthquake is, the stronger you are going to feel it,” said Abreu Paris, a geophysicist at the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Earthquake Information Center.

美国地质调查局国家地震信息中心地球物理学家阿布雷乌·帕里斯（Abreu Paris）表示：“地震震源越接近地表，人们感受到的震动就会越强烈。”

Tremors were felt in parts of Beijing, but authorities said no damage from the earthquake was found in the capital.

北京部分地区有震感，但有关部门表示，地震未对首都造成破坏。

tremor /ˈtrem.ər/ 1）表示“轻微地震，小地震”，英文解释为“a slight earthquake”举个🌰：The tremor was felt as far as 200 miles away. 这次小震200英里以外的地方都有震感。

2）表示“（尤指因紧张或兴奋）颤抖，发抖”，英文解释为“a slight shaking movement in a person's body, especially because of nervousness or excitement”

What to do if you get an earthquake early warning for real

From: KUOW Public Radio

If the region experiences a moderate to strong quake in the near future, a successful alert will say basically, "Earthquake detected! Drop, cover, hold on. Protect yourself."

如果某地在不久的将来发生中强地震，成功发出的预警大体上会是这样的：“检测到地震！趴下、躲避、抓牢。保护自己。”

表示“中等的；不过分的，适度的”，英文解释为“neither small nor large in size, amount, degree, or strength”举个🌰：The cabin is of moderate size - just right for a small family. 这间小屋中等大小——正适合一个小家庭。

"This just gives you a few seconds of warning so that you can get to your safe area much quicker," said Althea Rizzo, who works on earthquake preparedness at the Oregon Office of Emergency Management.

俄勒冈州应急管理办公室从事地震预警工作的阿尔泰娅·里佐（Althea Rizzo,）说：“这只是给你几秒钟的预警时间，让你能更快地到达安全区域。”

"What we recommend people do is drop, cover and hold on until the shaking stops. Then, if you are in the tsunami inundation zone on the coast, to start evacuating," Rizzo said in an interview.

里佐在接受采访中表示：“我们建议人们趴下、躲避并抓牢，直至不再摇晃。然后，如果你在面临海啸威胁的沿海地带，就开始撤离。”

表示“推荐，介绍；建议”，英文解释为“to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done”举个🌰：I can recommend the chicken in mushroom sauce - it's delicious. 我可以向您推荐蘑菇汁鸡肉——这道菜非常可口。

📍单词“recommend”由词根“-mend”（来自拉丁语“mendare”，表示“赞扬”）和前缀“reco-”（表示强调）组成。想象你正在强烈推荐一道美味的鸡肉沙拉，这就是“recommend”。

tsunami /tsuːˈnɑː.mi/ 表示“海啸”，英文解释为“an extremely large wave caused by a violent movement of the earth under the sea”

inundation /ˌɪn.ʌnˈdeɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“洪水;淹没，泛滥”，英文解释为“a flood, or the fact of being flooded with water”举个🌰：The dam saved the area from inundation. 大坝使该地区免遭洪水淹没。

2）表示“大量涌入”，英文解释为“a large number of people or things that arrive somewhere like a flood, and are difficult to deal with”举个🌰：The town is preparing for the annual inundation of tourists. 这个城镇正在为一年一度的游客潮做准备。

evacuate /ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/ 表示“疏散; 使…撤离”，英文解释为“To evacuate someone means to send them to a place of safety, away from a dangerous building, town, or area.”举个🌰：They were planning to evacuate the ten officials still in the country. 他们当时在计划将仍在那个国家的10位官员撤离。

"If you’re driving in a car, the appropriate action would be to pull over and stop the car, if possible. If you’re in a building, stay in a building," said Pacific Northwest Seismic Network director Harold Tobin. "Most injuries from earthquakes in the U.S. are not from the catastrophic collapse of a building but from falling objects — lights, ceiling tiles, etc."

“如果你正在开车，正确的做法是尽可能靠边停车。如果你在大楼里，就呆在大楼里，”太平洋西北地震台网主任哈罗德·托宾（Harold Tobin）说。“在美国，地震造成的大多数伤害并非来自建筑物的灾难性倒塌，而是来自坠落物体——灯、天花板等。”

表示“（车辆）驶到路边”，英文解释为“If a vehicle pulls over, it moves to the side of the road and stops.”举个🌰：Just pull over here, and I'll get out and walk the rest of the way. 就在这儿停车吧，剩下的路我下车自己走。

seismic /ˈsaɪzmɪk/ 1）表示“地震的；地震引起的”，英文解释为“Seismic means caused by or relating to an earthquake.”举个🌰：Earthquakes produce two types of seismic waves. 地震产生两种类型的地震波。

2）表示“突然的；造成严重破坏的”，英文解释为“A seismic shift or change is a very sudden or dramatic change.”举个🌰：I have never seen such a seismic shift in public opinion in such a short period of time. 我从来没有见过公众舆论在这么短的时间内发生如此突然的转变。

🎬电影《哥斯拉》（Godzilla）中的台词提到：We are showing seismic activity to the east near Livermore. 东边靠近利弗莫尔处发现地震活动。

catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/ 1）表示“灾难性的”，英文解释为“Something that is catastrophic involves or causes a sudden terrible disaster.”举个🌰：The water shortage is potentially catastrophic. 水资源的匮乏很可能是灾难性的。

2）表示“极糟的；失败的”，英文解释为“If you describe something as catastrophic, you mean that it is very bad or unsuccessful.”

tile /taɪl/ 表示“瓦片;瓷砖”，英文解释为“a thin, usually square or rectangular piece of baked clay, plastic, etc. used for covering roofs, floors, walls, etc.”如：roof tiles 屋顶瓦。

Newer smartphones running on the Android operating system now come with built-in quake detection and alerting software created by Google.

现在，运行Android操作系统的新款智能手机都内置了由Google开发的地震检测和警报软件。

1）表示“内嵌的；嵌入式的”，英文解释为“If a place or piece of equipment has built-in objects, they are permanently connected and cannot be easily removed.”如：built-in storage 嵌入式储物间。

2）表示“内在的；固有的”，英文解释为“A built-in quality is an original part of something or someone and cannot be separated from it, him, or her.”如：an built-in advantage/problem 内在的优势/固有的问题。

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