25年前的《纽约时报》头版头条是如何报道的？

1997年7月1日0时0分0秒，铭记这一历史时刻。

25年前的今天，1997年7月1日，《纽约时报》头版头条：

无注释原文：

CHINA RESUMES CONTROL OF HONG KONG, CONCLUDING 156 YEARS OF BRITISH RULE

The New York Times

By Edward A. Gargan

July 1, 1997

In the first moments after midnight, in a ceremony of solemn precision and martial music, China resumed sovereignty over Hong Kong today, ending 156 years of British colonial rule.

Seconds after British soldiers lowered the Union Jack for the last time to the strains of ''God Save the Queen,'' China's red banner was raised.

It was an event awaited with trepidation as well as excitement since 1984, when Britain and China agreed on terms for the transfer of power over this territory wrested from China in the 19th century wars over the opium trade.

For many ordinary people in the streets of Hong Kong, this was a time of celebration, not necessarily over the departure of the British or the arrival of the new masters from Beijing, but for experience of witnessing a big moment in history.

In the convention center where the handover of power took place, China's President, Jiang Zemin, using a Mandarin dialect as alien to Hong Kong's Cantonese-speaking people as the English of the British authorities, declared the event ''a festival for the Chinese nation and a victory for the universal cause of peace and justice.''

''The return of Hong Kong to the motherland after a century of vicissitudes indicates that from now on, our Hong Kong compatriots have become true masters of this Chinese land and that Hong Kong has now entered a new era of development,'' Mr. Jiang said.

Quietly, almost forgotten, Prince Charles of Britain and the former colonial Governor, Chris Patten, were driven from the handover ceremony to the harbor front, where the royal yacht Britannia waited to bear them away from Hong Kong.

As dawn broke, an unbroken procession of Chinese Army armored personnel carriers, trucks and buses carrying 4,000 soldiers streamed over the border and through the streets of Hong Kong. At villages along the way, thousands of Hong Kongers waited in the rain, waving flags and bouquets of flowers and shouting welcomes to the soldiers.

British rule ended in a ceremony whose details exhausted the negotiating skills of both sides.

On a simple dais inside the just completed Exhibition and Convention Center, two pairs of flagpoles -- one flying the Union Jack and the British Hong Kong flag, the other bare -- stood before chairs for Mr. Jiang's party and those accompanying Prince Charles.

Prince Charles spoke briefly. ''The United Kingdom,'' he declared, ''has been proud and privileged to have had responsibility for the people of Hong Kong, to have provided a framework of opportunity in which Hong Kong has so conspicuously succeeded, and to have been part of the success which the people of Hong Kong have made of their opportunities.''

''God Save the Queen'' was played by a band of Scots Guards in tall, bearskin hats, and the Union Jack was brought down.

After a five-second pause, time for British cymbals to stop vibrating, the Chinese national anthem was played and the Chinese flag raised alongside the new flag of Hong Kong.

Hong Kong had returned to Chinese rule.

- ◆ -

注：英文文本为节选，中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

CHINA RESUMES CONTROL OF HONG KONG, CONCLUDING 156 YEARS OF BRITISH RULE

The New York Times

By Edward A. Gargan

July 1, 1997

In the first moments after midnight, in a ceremony of solemn precision and martial music, China resumed sovereignty over Hong Kong today, ending 156 years of British colonial rule.

午夜过后的第一时间，在庄重严谨的仪式和军乐中，中国今天恢复了对香港的主权，结束了156年的英国殖民统治。

1）表示“庄严的；严正的；郑重的”，英文解释为“done, said, etc. in a very serious and sincere way”，如：a solemn oath/undertaking/vow, etc. 庄严的誓言、郑重的承诺、严肃的誓约等。

2）表示“冷峻的；表情严肃的”，英文解释为“not happy or smiling”，如：a solemn expression 冷峻的表情。

1）表示“准确（性），精确（性），精密（度）”，英文解释为“the quality of being exact”举个🌰：

Great precision is required to align the mirrors accurately.

校准反光镜需要极高的精确性。

2）表示“严谨；细致，认真”，英文解释为“the qualities of being careful and accurate”举个🌰：

His books are a pleasure to read because he writes with such clarity and precision.

他的书读起来赏心悦目，因为他的写作清晰而又严谨。

martial /ˈmɑː.ʃəl/ 表示“军队的；战争的；军事的”，英文解释为“relating to soldiers, war, or life in the armed forces”

1）表示“（中断后）继续，重新开始”，英文解释为“If an activity resumes, or if you resume it, it starts again after a pause.”举个🌰：

Normal services will be resumed in the spring.

春天将恢复正常服务。

2）表示“恢复；重新回到，重返（某地或某位置）”，英文解释为“If you resume a place or position that you have left for a period of time, you return to it.”如：to resume your post/job 重返工作岗位 举个🌰：

Please resume your seats, as the performance will continue in two minutes.

请大家回到自己的座位上去，两分钟后演出继续。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情之下学生上课问题的文章中提到复课就用的resume classes：As well as letting final-year secondary-school students facing exams resume classes, Denmark has also begun to reopen crèches and primary schools. 丹麦除了让面临毕业考试的中学毕业班复课外，还开始逐步重开幼儿园和小学。

sovereignty /ˈsɒvrəntɪ/ 表示“主权，统治权”，英文解释为“the power of a country to control its own government”

表示“殖民地的；殖民主义的”，英文解释为“relating to a colony or colonialism”举个🌰：

Turkey was once an important colonial power.

土耳其曾是一个显赫的殖民强国。

Seconds after British soldiers lowered the Union Jack for the last time to the strains of ''God Save the Queen,'' China's red banner was raised.

英国士兵在《God Save the Queen》（神佑女王）的旋律中最后一次降下英国国旗的几秒钟后，中国的五星红旗升起了。

Union Jack表示“英国国旗”，英文解释为“the red, white, and blue flag of the UK”，上文还用了union flag，联合旗，都是指英国国旗。

📍为什么称“联合杰克”（Union Jack）呢？“Jack”这个词可能与海军有关，就是在战舰上飘扬的旗帜。也有另外一些说法，指军人穿着的“夹克”（jacket）的简称“杰克”（jack），或者是詹姆士的拉丁或法文名字：Jacobus 或Jacques。

1）表示“压力；重负；重压之下出现的问题（或担忧等）”，英文解释为“pressure on sb/sth because they have too much to do or manage, or sth very difficult to deal with; the problems, worry or anxiety that this produces”举个🌰：

You will learn to cope with the stresses and strains of public life.

你要学会怎样应付公众人物生活的紧张和辛劳。

2）表示“（动植物的）品系，株系，品种”，英文解释为“an animal or plant from a particular group whose characteristics are different in some way from others of the same group”举个🌰：

Scientists have discovered a new strain of the virus which is much more dangerous.

科学家们已经发现了一种危险得多的新病毒。

📍此前9000名乘客因鼻拭子重复使用受害文中出现的例句：The health ministry confirmed this week that it had recorded two cases of the more infectious strain that was first detected in India. 卫生部本周证实，已发现了两例在印度首次发现的更具传染性的病毒株。

3）strains 表示“旋律；曲调”，英文解释为“the sound of music being played or performed”举个🌰：

I could hear the strains of Mozart in the background.

我听见背景音中有莫扎特的旋律。

《天佑女王》（英语：God Save the Queen，又译作上帝保佑女王），男性君主在位时称之为《天佑吾王》（英语：God Save the King，又译作上帝保佑国王），是数个英联邦王国和英国皇家属地作为国歌或皇家礼乐使用的颂歌。

歌词和歌名随当朝君主的性别而有所改变：例如在男性君主在位时歌词中的“女王”（Queen）改成“国王”（King）、“她”（主格：she，宾格：her，物主代词：her）改成“他”（主格：he，宾格：him，物主代词：his）等。（Wikipedia）

It was an event awaited with trepidation as well as excitement since 1984, when Britain and China agreed on terms for the transfer of power over this territory wrested from China in the 19th century wars over the opium trade.

这是自1984年以来，英国和中国就这块在19世纪鸦片战争中从中国夺取的领土的权力移交条款达成协议后，人们在惶恐和兴奋中等待的事件。

表示“等待；将降临在（…身上）”，英文解释为“to wait for or be waiting for something”举个🌰：

He's anxiously awaiting his test results.

他正焦急地等待着他的测试结果。

trepidation /ˌtrep.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“惊恐不安，惴惴不安”，英文解释为“fear or worry about what is going to happen”举个🌰：

We view future developments with some trepidation.

我们对未来的发展动态感到惴惴不安。

wrest /rest/ 1）表示“夺取；攫取”，英文解释为“to violently pull something away from someone”举个🌰：

He wrested the letter from my grasp.

他从我手中夺走了那封信。

2）表示“辛苦谋求；费力取得”，英文解释为“to get something with effort or difficulty”举个🌰：

The shareholders are planning to wrest control of the company (away) from the current directors.

股东们正在计划从现任董事们手中夺取公司的控制权。

opium /ˈəʊpɪəm/ 表示“鸦片”，英文解释为“a drug made from the seeds of a poppy (= red flower) that is used to control pain or to help people sleep. It can make a person who takes it want more of it and is sometimes used by people as an illegal drug for pleasure”。

For many ordinary people in the streets of Hong Kong, this was a time of celebration, not necessarily over the departure of the British or the arrival of the new masters from Beijing, but for experience of witnessing a big moment in history.

对于香港街头的许多普通人来说，这是一个庆祝的时刻，不一定是为英国人的离开或来自北京的新主人的到来而庆祝，而是为见证历史上一个重要时刻的经历而庆祝。

In the convention center where the handover of power took place, China's President, Jiang Zemin, using a Mandarin dialect as alien to Hong Kong's Cantonese-speaking people as the English of the British authorities, declared the event ''a festival for the Chinese nation and a victory for the universal cause of peace and justice.''

在举行权力交接的会展中心，中国国家主席江泽民用普通话宣布这一事件“是中华民族的盛事，也是世界和平与正义事业的胜利"，他使用的普通话与英国当局的英语一样，对香港讲粤语的人来说很陌生。

1）表示“大会；会议”，英文解释为“a large formal meeting of people who do a particular job or have a similar interest, or a large meeting for a political party”如：the national Democratic convention 民主党全国大会。

2）表示“（国家或首脑间的）公约，协定，协议”，英文解释为“an official agreement between countries or leaders”如：the Geneva convention 日内瓦公约。

表示“（控制权或责任的）移交”，英文解释为“the giving of control of or responsibility for something to someone else”举个🌰：

The United Nations is to supervise the handover of the prisoners of war.

联合国将监督战俘的移交事宜。

表示“（中国的）官话，普通话，国语”，英文解释为“a Chinese language that is the official language of China, and an official language of Singapore”

dialect /ˈdaɪ.ə.lekt/ 表示“方言，土语，地方话”，英文解释为“a form of a language that people speak in a particular part of a country, containing some different words and grammar, etc.”如：a regional dialect 地区方言

1）表示“怪异的；截然不同的；不熟悉的”，英文解释为“strange and not familiar”举个🌰：

When I first went to New York, it all felt very alien to me.

我初到纽约的时候，觉得一切都非常陌生。

2）表示“外国的；异域的；异族的”，英文解释为“coming from a different country, race, or group”如：an alien culture 异域文化。

Cantonese /kæn.təˈniːz/ 表示“广东话，粤语”，英文解释为“a Chinese language spoken in the south of China and used as an official language in Hong Kong”

''The return of Hong Kong to the motherland after a century of vicissitudes indicates that from now on, our Hong Kong compatriots have become true masters of this Chinese land and that Hong Kong has now entered a new era of development,'' Mr. Jiang said.

江主席说：“经历了百年沧桑的香港回归祖国，标志着香港同胞从此成为祖国这块土地上的真正主人，香港的发展从此进入一个崭新的时代。”

vicissitudes /vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːdz/ 表示“变迁；人生沉浮；波折”，英文解释为“changes that happen at different times during the life or development of someone or something, especially those that result in conditions being worse”举个🌰：

Losing your job is just one of the vicissitudes of life.

失业只是曲折人生中的一个插曲。

📍在中华人民共和国恢复联合国合法席位50周年纪念会议上的讲话中提到：过去50年，尽管国际形势跌宕起伏，但在世界各国人民共同努力下，世界总体保持稳定，Over the last 50 years, for all the vicissitudes in the international landscape, the world has remained stable as a whole, thanks to the concerted efforts of people of all countries.

compatriot /kəmˈpæt.ri.ət/ 表示“同国人，同胞”，英文解释为“a person who comes from the same country”

Quietly, almost forgotten, Prince Charles of Britain and the former colonial Governor, Chris Patten, were driven from the handover ceremony to the harbor front, where the royal yacht Britannia waited to bear them away from Hong Kong.

英国查尔斯王子（Prince Charles）和前殖民地总督彭定康（Chris Patten）被悄悄地、几乎被遗忘地从交接仪式上赶到港口，皇家游艇不列颠尼亚号在那里等着载他们离开香港。

yacht /jɒt/ 表示“帆船；快艇；游艇”，英文解释为“a boat with sails and sometimes an engine, used for either racing or travelling on for pleasure”如：a luxury yacht 豪华游艇。

As dawn broke, an unbroken procession of Chinese Army armored personnel carriers, trucks and buses carrying 4,000 soldiers streamed over the border and through the streets of Hong Kong. At villages along the way, thousands of Hong Kongers waited in the rain, waving flags and bouquets of flowers and shouting welcomes to the soldiers.

黎明时分，中国军队的装甲运兵车、卡车和大巴载着4000名士兵不间断地越过边境，穿过香港的街道。在沿途的村庄，数以千计的香港人在雨中等待，挥舞着旗帜和花束，高声欢迎士兵的到来。

dawn /dɔːn/ 表示“拂晓，破晓，黎明”，英文解释为“the period in the day when light from the sun begins to appear in the sky”举个🌰：

We woke at dawn.

天一亮我们就醒了。

补充：

📍The darkest hour is just before the dawn.表示“黑暗即将过去，黎明就在眼前”，英文解释为“said to emphasize that things often seem at their worst just before they get better”

表示“连续的；无停顿的”，英文解释为“continuous and with no pauses”举个🌰：

The Giants' winning streak remained unbroken for an impressive 20 games.

巨人队的连胜纪录保持了20场，令人惊叹。

表示“行列，队伍”，英文解释为“a line of people who are all walking or travelling in the same direction, especially in a formal way as part of a religious ceremony or public celebration”如：a wedding procession 婚礼的队伍。

armored /ˈɑː.məd/，armoured的美式拼写，表示“装甲的；使用装甲车辆的，装配有装甲车辆的”，英文解释为“protected by a strong covering, or using military vehicles protected by strong covering”如：an armoured tank 装甲坦克。

表示“士兵运输车，运兵车”，英文解释为“an armed transport vehicle used by the army”

bouquet /buˈkeɪ/ 表示“花束”，英文解释为“a group of flowers that have been fastened together and attractively arranged so that they can be given as a present or carried on formal occasions”如：a bouquet of flowers 一束花。

British rule ended in a ceremony whose details exhausted the negotiating skills of both sides.

英国的统治在一个仪式中结束，其细节耗尽了双方的谈判技巧。

exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔːst/ 表示“用完；花光；耗尽”，英文解释为“to use all of sth so that there is none left”举个🌰：

Within three days they had exhausted their supply of food.

他们在三天之内就把所有粮食吃光了。

On a simple dais inside the just completed Exhibition and Convention Center, two pairs of flagpoles -- one flying the Union Jack and the British Hong Kong flag, the other bare -- stood before chairs for Mr. Jiang's party and those accompanying Prince Charles.

在刚刚建成的会展中心（Exhibition and Convention Center）内的一个简单的主席台上，两对旗杆--一对悬挂着联合王国国旗和香港旗，另一对没有旗帜--立在江主席一行和查尔斯王子随行人员的椅子前。

dais /ˈdeɪ.ɪs/ 表示“（会场的）讲台，主席台”，英文解释为“a raised surface at one end of a meeting room that someone can stand on when speaking to a group”

表示“旗杆”，英文解释为“a long pole that a flag is fastened to”

Prince Charles spoke briefly. ''The United Kingdom,'' he declared, ''has been proud and privileged to have had responsibility for the people of Hong Kong, to have provided a framework of opportunity in which Hong Kong has so conspicuously succeeded, and to have been part of the success which the people of Hong Kong have made of their opportunities.''

查尔斯王子发表了简短的讲话。“联合王国，”他宣称，“曾为港人负上责任，为香港提供框架，使港人得以把握各种机会，进而创造出了光彩夺目的成就，而在他们的这些成就中，也有我们的一份参与。”

conspicuously /kənˈspɪk.ju.əs.li/ 表示“显眼地；醒目地”，英文解释为“in a way that is conspicuous”举个🌰：The

temple's grand white arches rose conspicuously over the dirty decaying city.

寺院洁白雄伟的拱门十分显眼地矗立在肮脏破败的城市上方。

''God Save the Queen'' was played by a band of Scots Guards in tall, bearskin hats, and the Union Jack was brought down.

一支戴着高高熊皮帽的苏格兰卫队演奏了《God Save the Queen》（神佑女王），英国国旗被降下。

After a five-second pause, time for British cymbals to stop vibrating, the Chinese national anthem was played and the Chinese flag raised alongside the new flag of Hong Kong.

在五秒钟的停顿后，这时间足以让英方的钹停止振动，中国国歌响起，中国国旗在香港新旗旁边升起。

cymbal /ˈsɪm.bəl/ 表示“铙钹，钹”，英文解释为“a flat, round musical instrument made of brass that makes a loud noise when hit with a stick or against another cymbal”

表示“（使）震动；（使）颤动；（使）抖动”，英文解释为“to shake slightly and quickly, or to cause something to do this, in a way that is felt rather than seen or heard”举个🌰：

The whole station seemed to vibrate as the express train rushed through.

快速列车急驰而过时，整个车站似乎都在震动。

anthem /ˈænθəm/ 表示“国歌；（团体组织的）颂歌，赞歌”，英文解释为“a song which has a special importance for a country, an organization, or a particular group of people and is sung on special occasions”举个🌰：

The European anthem was played at the opening ceremony.

欧洲颂歌在开幕式上演奏。

Hong Kong had returned to Chinese rule.

香港回到了祖国母亲的怀抱。

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