「Part 14」2018政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版

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「Part 14」2018政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版

LearnAndRecord 2020-10-07

完善产权制度和要素市场化配置机制。

We will improve property rights systems and mechanisms for market-based allocation of the factors of production.

注：

产权制度

property rights systems

要素市场化配置机制

mechanisms for market-based allocation of the factors of production

产权制度是社会主义市场经济的基石。

The property rights system is the cornerstone of the socialist market economy.

注：

社会主义市场经济

the socialist market economy

...的基石

the cornerstone of

要以保护产权、维护契约、统一市场、平等交换、公平竞争为基本导向，完善相关法律法规。

We will improve the relevant laws and regulations to see that property rights are protected, contracts are honored, the market is unified, exchanges are equal, and competition is fair.

注：

保护产权、维护契约、统一市场、平等交换、公平竞争

property rights are protected, contracts are honored, the market is unified, exchanges are equal, and competition is fair

对各种侵权行为要依法严肃处理，

All types of infringements on property rights will be rigorously dealt with in accordance with law,

注：

(各种)侵权行为

(all types of) infringements on property rights

依法严肃处理

be rigorously dealt with in accordance with law

对产权纠纷案件要依法甄别纠正。

and all property rights dispute cases will be reviewed and settled in accordance with law.

注：

产权纠纷案件

property rights dispute cases

依法甄别纠正

be reviewed and settled in accordance with law

强化知识产权保护，实行侵权惩罚性赔偿制度。

We will strengthen the protection of intellectual property, and enforce a punitive compensation system for intellectual property rights infringements.

注：

知识产权保护

the protection of intellectual property

侵权惩罚性赔偿制度

a punitive compensation system for intellectual property rights infringements

加快技术、土地等要素价格市场化改革，

We will speed up reforms making the pricing of factors of production like technology and land increasingly market-based,

深化资源类产品和公共服务价格改革，

deepen reform of the pricing mechanisms for resource products and public services,

注：

资源类产品和公共服务价格改革

reform of the pricing mechanisms for resource products and public services

打破行政垄断，防止市场垄断。

break government monopolies, and protect against market monopolies.

注：

行政/市场垄断

government/market monopolies

要用有力的产权保护、顺畅的要素流动，让市场活力和社会创造力竞相迸发。

We will see that strong protection of property rights and fluid flows of the factors of production enable a great increase in market dynamism and public creativity.

注：

顺畅的要素流动

fluid flows of the factors of production

市场活力

market dynamism

社会创造力

public creativity

深化财税体制改革。

We will continue structural fiscal and tax reforms.

注：

财税体制改革

structural fiscal and tax reforms

推进中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分改革，

We will advance reforms to clearly define the respective fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local government,

注：

中央与地方[财政事权]和[支出责任]划分改革

reforms to clearly define the respective [fiscal powers] and [expenditure responsibilities] of central and local government

抓紧制定收入划分改革方案，完善转移支付制度。

move quickly on formulating a plan for reforming the division of revenues, and improve the transfer payments system.

注：

收入划分改革方案

a plan for reforming the division of revenues

转移支付制度

the transfer payments system

健全地方税体系，稳妥推进房地产税立法。

We will improve local tax systems, and prudently advance legislation on real estate tax.

注：

地方税体系

local tax systems

房地产税立法

legislation on real estate tax

改革个人所得税。

We will reform the personal income tax.

注：

个人所得税

the personal income tax

全面实施绩效管理，使财政资金花得其所、用得安全。

We will implement performance-based management across the board, and ensure the proper and secure use of fiscal budgets.

注：

绩效管理

performance-based management

使...花得其所、用得安全

ensure the proper and secure use of ...

加快金融体制改革。

We will speed up reforms in the financial sector.

注：

金融体制改革

reforms in the financial sector

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改革完善金融服务体系，支持金融机构扩展普惠金融业务，

We will reform and improve the financial service system, support financial institutions in expanding their business in inclusive finance,

规范发展地方性中小金融机构，

promote the well regulated development of small and medium local financial institutions,

注：

地方性中小金融机构

small and medium local financial institutions

着力解决小微企业融资难、融资贵问题。

and focus on solving the problem of small and micro enterprises finding it tough and expensive to access financing.

注：

小微企业

small and micro enterprises

融资难、融资贵

find it tough and expensive to access financing

深化多层次资本市场改革，推动债券、期货市场发展。

We will deepen the reform to develop a multi-tiered capital market, and promote the development of the bonds and futures markets.

注：

多层次资本市场改革

the reform to develop a multi-tiered capital market

债券、期货市场

the bonds and futures markets

futures：agreements for the buying and selling of goods, in which the price is agreed before a particular future time at which the goods will be provided 期货；期货交易

the futures market
期货市场

拓展保险市场的风险保障功能。

We will expand the insurance market's role in protecting against risk.

深化利率汇率市场化改革，

We will deepen reforms to make the interest rate and exchange rate more market-based,

注：

利率汇率市场化改革

reforms to make the interest rate and exchange rate more market-based

保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

and see that the RMB exchange rate remains generally stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level.

注：

人民币汇率

the RMB exchange rate

在合理均衡水平上

at an adaptive and equilibrium level

推进社会体制改革。

We will advance institutional social reforms.

注：

推进社会体制改革

advance institutional social reforms

深化养老保险制度改革，

We will deepen reform of the old-age pension system,

注：

养老保险制度改革

reform of the old-age pension system

建立企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度。

and establish a central system for enterprise employees' basic old-age pension funds to be used inter-provincially.

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深化公立医院综合改革，协调推进医疗价格、人事薪酬、药品流通、医保支付改革，

We will deepen comprehensive public hospital reform and make coordinated moves to reform healthcare pricing, staffing and remuneration, medicine distribution, and health insurance payment models.

注：

公立医院综合改革

comprehensive public hospital reform

医疗价格

healthcare pricing

人事薪酬

staffing and remuneration

药品流通

medicine distribution

医保支付

health insurance payment

提高医疗卫生服务质量，下大力气解决群众看病就医难题。

We will improve the quality of healthcare services and work hard to resolve the difficulties people face in accessing medical care.

注：

医疗卫生服务质量

the quality of healthcare services

看病就医

accessing medical care

深入推进教育、文化、体育等改革，充分释放社会领域巨大发展潜力。

We will continue reforms in education, culture, and sports, fully unlocking society's vast potential for development.

注：

充分释放社会领域巨大发展潜力

fully unlock society's vast potential for development

健全生态文明体制。

We will build a more robust system for developing an ecological civilization.

注：

健全生态文明体制

build a more robust system for developing an ecological civilization

改革完善生态环境管理制度，加强自然生态空间用途管制，

We will reform and improve the system for ecological and environmental regulation, strengthen regulation over the use of natural ecological spaces,

注：

生态环境管理制度

the system for ecological and environmental regulation

自然生态空间用途管制

regulation over the use of natural ecological spaces

推行生态环境损害赔偿制度，

roll out a system of compensation for ecological and environmental damage,

注：

生态环境损害赔偿制度

a system of compensation for ecological and environmental damage

完善生态补偿机制，以更加有效的制度保护生态环境。

and improve the compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation, using more effective institutions to achieve ecological and environmental protection.

注：

生态补偿机制

the compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation

（四）坚决打好三大攻坚战。

4. Fighting three critical battles

注：

三大攻坚战

three critical battles

要围绕完成年度攻坚任务，明确各方责任，强化政策保障，把各项工作做实做好。

To fulfill our key annual tasks, we need to make everyone involved clear about their responsibilities, strengthen policy implementation, and ensure that every element of work is done to good, solid effect.

注：

明确各方责任

make everyone involved clear about their responsibilities

强化政策保障

strengthen policy implementation

各项工作

every element of work

推动重大风险防范化解取得明显进展。

First, we will strive for notable progress in forestalling and defusing major risks.

注：

重大风险防范化解

forestall and defuse major risks

当前我国经济金融风险总体可控，

At present, China's economic and financial risks are on the whole manageable.

注：

总体可控

be on the whole manageable

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要标本兼治，有效消除风险隐患。

What we need to do is to tackle both symptoms and root causes and take effective measures to defuse potential risks.

注：

标本兼治

tackle both symptoms and root causes

消除风险隐患

defuse potential risks

严厉打击非法集资、金融诈骗等违法活动。

There will be a serious crackdown on activities that violate the law like illegal fundraising and financial fraud.

注：

非法集资

illegal fundraising

金融诈骗

financial fraud

加快市场化法治化债转股和企业兼并重组。

Debt-to-equity swaps and business acquisitions and reorganizations, conducted in a way consistent with market principles and the rule of law, will be accelerated.

注：

债转股

debt-to-equity swaps

企业兼并重组

business acquisitions and reorganizations

市场化法治化

be conducted in a way consistent with market principles and the rule of law

加强金融机构风险内控。

We will see that internal risk controls are tightened in financial institutions.

注：

风险内控

internal risk controls

强化金融监管统筹协调，

We will strengthen coordination in financial regulation,

健全对影子银行、互联网金融、金融控股公司等监管，

improve regulation over shadow banking, internet finance, and financial holding companies,

注：

影子银行

shadow banking

互联网金融

internet finance

金融控股公司

financial holding companies

进一步完善金融监管。

and further improve financial regulation.

防范化解地方政府债务风险。

We will forestall and defuse local government debt risk.

注：

防范化解地方政府债务风险

forestall and defuse local government debt risk

严禁各类违法违规举债、担保等行为。

All forms of borrowing and debt underwriting that violate the law and regulations are strictly prohibited.

注：

举债

borrowing

担保

debt underwriting

省级政府对本辖区债务负总责，

Provincial-level governments should assume overall responsibility for debts incurred by local governments within their jurisdictions;

注：

省级政府

provincial-level governments

负总责

assume overall responsibility for

本辖区

within their jurisdictions

省级以下地方政府各负其责，

governments below the provincial level should live up to their own responsibilities;

注：

省级以下地方政府

governments below the provincial level

各负其责

live up to their own responsibilities

积极稳妥处置存量债务。

and all must take active, prudent steps to deal with outstanding debt.

注：

存量债务

outstanding debt

健全规范的地方政府举债融资机制。

We will improve the standard mechanisms for local governments to secure financing.

注：

地方政府举债融资机制

mechanisms for local governments to secure financing

今年安排地方专项债券1.35万亿元，比去年增加5500亿元，优先支持在建项目平稳建设，

This year, local government special bonds issued will total1.35 trillion yuan, an increase of 550 billion yuan year on year, to be used as a matter of priority for financing the smooth implementation of ongoing projects;

注：

地方专项债券

local government special bonds

在建项目平稳建设

the smooth implementation of ongoing projects

合理扩大专项债券使用范围。

and the scope of the use of special bonds will be appropriately expanded.

我国经济基本面好，政策工具多，

The fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain sound, and we have many policy tools at our disposal.

注：

我国经济基本面好

the fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain sound