感冒别轻忽！染流感后首周心脏病发风险恐高6倍

据最新研究指出，流行性感冒病患在感染后的第一个星期，心脏病发的风险会高出6倍。这项结果显示，推广流感疫苗有其必要。

Catching Flu Also Boosts Heart Risk

By Christopher Intagliata on January 24, 2018

Get a flu shot[1]. It's already standard advice from your doctor. But it may be even more important for senior citizens at risk of heart attack.

[1]get a flu shot: 打流感疫苗

Get a flu shot, even if you have not already.

Because a new analysis in the New England Journal of Medicine found that a flu infection raises the risk of a heart attack by six times... And other viral infections can also up[2] the risk, to a lesser degree. [Jeffrey C. Kwong et al, Acute Myocardial Infarction after Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Infection]

[2]up: to increase something such as a price 提高，增加，提升（价格）等

We won't be able to make a profit on the deal without upping the sale price.

这笔买卖的销售价格不提高，我们就无钱可赚。

It looks like tax rates are going to be upped again.

看来税率又要提高了。

这份刊登在「新英格兰医学期刊」(New England Journal of Medicine)上的报告并指出，流感引起的心脏病发―或心肌梗塞(myocardial infarction)风险，在老人身上尤其严重。

研究主要作者杰夫・邝(Jeff Kwong，音译)表示，「我们的研究结果很重要。发现流感与急性心肌梗塞之间的关联，能强化疫苗注射的重要性。」杰夫・邝也是加拿大安大略省公卫与临床评估科学研究所(Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences and Public Health Ontario)科学家。

"The idea is that these viruses cause a stress on the system overall, and so increase the metabolism[3], and so people who are at risk for having a heart attack, that can tip them over[4]." Jeff Kwong, an epidemiologist[流行病学家] at Public Health Ontario and the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences.

[3]metabolism: the chemical processes by which food is changed into energy in your body  新陈代谢

This drug speeds up your metabolism.

这种药物会加快你的新陈代谢。

protein/carbohydrate/alcohol etc metabolism

The vast majority of alcohol metabolism occurs in the liver.

酒精的代谢主要在肝脏进行。

[+ of ]

the metabolism of fat by the liver

由肝脏进行的脂肪代谢

[4]tip...over:  If you tip something over or if it tips over, it falls over or turns over. 翻倒

He tipped the table over in front of him. 

他打翻了他前面的那张桌子。

Kwong and his team evaluated that risk by studying the histories of 20,000 older adults with confirmed cases[确认病例] of influenza. And they found that within one week of a flu diagnosis, the group suffered six times as many heart attacks, on average, than they did during control periods, when they weren't sick.

这份研究是基於2009至2014年在安大略省的近2万名成人病例作成。经实验室证实，所有案例都是流感病例。当中有332名病患在感染流感后一年内，曾因心脏病发住院。研究案例中又以染流感后的第一周风险最高，特别是对老人、感染B型流感，以及首次心脏病发的患者而言。

尽管其他呼吸道病毒也会提高心脏病发风险，但没有像流感这么明显。

Which Kwong says is another good reason to get a flu shot. "If you're at a high risk for heart disease it's probably a good idea to get one, to reduce the risk of heart attacks."

And since they also found a link between heart attack risk and infection with other viruses, like respiratory syncytial virus[5]. Kwong has one more oft-repeated piece of advice to keep you healthy during the cold and flu season: "washing your hands frequently, to prevent all sorts of respiratory infections."

[5]respiratory syncytial virus: a myxovirus causing infections of the nose and throat, esp in young children. It is thought to be involved in some cot deaths 黑猩猩感冒病毒; 引发儿童鼻部和喉部感染的黏病毒，被认为涉及婴儿猝死综合症 ( abbr: RSV)

呼吸道合胞体病毒(RSV)在全球属于引致呼吸道感染的常见起因，又是婴幼儿呼吸道感染最常见的病原,也是引致1岁以下婴儿肺部受感染的最普遍原因。能引致呼吸道疾病，例如气管、肺部及中耳的感染。

That practice will guarantee some heart-healthy exercise, too: to wash your hands properly, you have to get off the couch[6].

[6]get off the couch: a derisive command to stop whatever useless thing you were just doing and start doing what you should be doing.这是在一个网站上看到的解释，因为字典里还没有编入这个短语。

我们可以联想到之前学的一个更常见的短语“couch potato”，表示：A couch potato is someone who spends most of their time watching television and does not exercise or have any interesting hobbies. 电视迷; 大部分时间都在家看电视、不运动或没有其它兴趣爱好的人

...couch potatoes flicking through endless satellite TV channels. 

...在无数个卫星电视频道之间来回换台的电视迷。

是不是很形象了，哈哈～