新闻 | 昆山杜克校园获权威机构绿色认证 | 创建全国首个整体绿色校园
Duke Kunshan Campus Receives LEED Certification Recognizing Sustainable Design (please scroll down for the English version)
近日，昆山杜克大学校园全部建筑经严格评选，获得了美国绿色建筑委员会（USGBC）的绿色建筑认证，成为全国首个通过美国“绿色能源与环境设计先锋奖”（LEED）整体园区项目认证的大学校园。3月24日，美国绿色建筑委员会首席运营官Mahesh Ramanujam向昆山杜克大学以及负责校园设计和建设的昆山阳澄湖科技园颁发了校内五所建筑的LEED认证证书，以表彰昆山杜克大学校园 建筑的可持续、低能耗、人性化环保设计。其中，昆山杜克大学的教学楼和会议中心获得了 LEED 金级认证，学生公寓、教师公寓和服务楼获得了 LEED 银级认证。
获得 LEED 银级认证的会议中心
“昆山杜克大学校园的设计和建设体现了绿色建筑设计理念、先进科技设施和浓厚水乡文化的高度融合，三者完美的结合也让校园在节能环保方面有着突出的特色，“昆山杜克大学校长、中国工程院院士刘经南表示。”校园生活是昆山杜克大学带给师生精致体验的重要部分，能获得这样的荣誉是对昆山杜克大学致力于建设世界一流大学目标的肯定。”
“绿色能源与环境设计先锋奖” LEED由非盈利组织美国绿色建筑委员会设立，针对高性能绿色建筑设计、建造和运营进行第三方认证，目前被认为是最完善、最权威、最具影响力的评估标准，代表着绿色建筑的最高标杆。获得LEED金级、银级认证，意味着昆山杜克大学校园在绿色建筑领域已达到了国际领先水平。
美国绿色建筑委员会首席运营官Ramanujam先生（左三）将 LEED 证书交到校长刘经南（中）与昆山阳澄湖科技园副主任沈军（右三）手中
“我们非常高兴地看到昆山杜克成为中国第一所获得LEED认证的大学校园。昆山杜克大学的校园从设计到运营都贯彻了对世界可持续发展有着重要意义的绿色建筑理念，”美国绿色建筑委员会的首席运营官Mahesh Ramanuham表示。“这个非凡的成就将会给中国乃至世界范围内的教育机构树立起一个良好的榜样。”
高“水弹性”的“海绵校园”
2015年10月，国务院出台指导意见，要求大力建设“海绵城市”，以实现对雨水资源的最佳控制和利用。时至今日， 能够达到吸水、蓄水、渗水、净水、用水一体化的地区在全中国、乃至世界范围仍是极少数。然而在昆山杜克校园内，这些原本只存在于人们憧憬中的“未来技术”已成为了现实。
校园水景也可以控制利用雨水资源
昆山杜克大学校园的一大特色是以水作为校园景观的核心元素，并通过生态水景系统实现雨水的自然存积、自然渗透、自然净化以及再利用。校内的水循环系统由相辅相成的四个部分组成：遍布校园各处的自然水景负责雨水收集、流量控制；屋顶花园帮助雨水渗透；地下过滤系统确保水质；灌溉系统则充分利用处理过的雨水进行灌溉。自2014年秋季校园启用以来，校园内的绿化灌溉全部使用循环利用的雨水，景观用水减少100%，平均每天节水约10吨。
人性化设计造就舒适校园
除了先进的雨水处理灌溉系统，学校对于其他设施的建设也秉承人性化的理念。
学术楼中的全部教室均配备了二氧化碳探测器，当室内二氧化碳达到一定浓度时，将会适时补充新鲜空气，提高含氧量。高达32%的绿化率使整个校园堪比生态公园、天然氧吧，不仅为师生们提供了一片绿色休憩场所，还吸引了包括白鹭在内的多种珍稀鸟类在此聚集。
舒适绿色的校园生活环境
为确保学生、教师、员工拥有舒适、健康的环境，建筑材料均经过严格筛选，以减少挥发性有机化合物排放，达到国际领先的最高环保标准。校园内的所有室内区域全面禁烟，并设立指定室外吸烟点，在满足不同人群需求的同时创造无烟学习和工作环境。
学校提供高频次的校车往返于昆山市区和校园之间，校园周边百米内设多个公交站点，在提高交通便捷度的同时大大地减少了私车使用率。此外，校园内随处可见的自行车停放点也能方便校内师生员工骑车出行。
校内建筑全副武装节能科技
值得注意的是，昆山杜克大学的全部五栋建筑里里外外全副武装了多项国际领先的节能减排技术，从交通、照明、热水、机电系统等多方面实现能源高效利用，打造“低碳”校园。
校园建筑配备了多项领先节能技术
会议中心和学术楼等多栋建筑采用大面积玻璃幕墙，通透的设计使得室内采光能够最大程度利用自然光资源，从而减少照明耗能。除了自然采光，教室和健身房等人员密集区域均安装了调光器，方便师生在需要使用灯光照明时手动调节灯光亮度，进一步实现能源的高效利用。
大面积玻璃幕墙最大程度利用自然光资源
校园建筑安装了能够减少38%用水的高效节水装置，每年能为整个校园节约水量达1万2千吨 。此外，会议中心和服务楼楼顶设有太阳能集热板，总面积达到675平方米，每年能产生47万千瓦时的可再生能源，可用于提供校内生活热水。
通风、火灾警报等机电系统也经由第三方专业机构调试，保证高效精确的资源配置。高性能建筑外壳与机电系统相结合，能够将校内建筑的能源消耗降低至低于ASHRAE（美国采暖、制冷与空调工程师学会）节能标准24%的水平。
Duke Kunshan Campus Receives LEED Certification Recognizing Sustainable Design
Duke Kunshan University is the first Chinese university campus to be certified by the Leadershipin Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) campus program, with all five campus buildings certified according to LEED standards by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC). The Academic Building and the Conference Center are rated LEED Gold,while the Student Residence, the Faculty Residence and the Service Building received LEED Silver certification. Mahesh Ramanujam, chief operating officer of USGBC, presented LEED certifications to Duke Kunshan University and Yangcheng Lake Science and Technology Park March 24 in recognition of the university’s commitment to sustainable and green architecture.
“Duke Kunshan University’s campus seamlessly blends native culture with advanced technology. Campus life is an integral part of the Duke Kunshan faculty and student experience, and this certification is an important symbol of Duke Kunshan’s commitment to world-class standards,” said Liu Jingnan, chancellor of Duke Kunshan University.
LEED is the most widely recognized and used green building standard across the globe. The USGBC awards LEED certification to buildings, homes and communities that are leaders in environmentally friendly design, construction, operations and maintenance.
“Duke Kunshan University has embraced the concept of green building in its campus design and operations, a critical practice that is increasingly important for the world’s sustainable development,” said Ramanujam. “It’s a remarkable achievement that I believe will serve as a great example for more and more educational institutions in China and worldwide.”
The Absorbent "Sponge Campus"
The campusis distinguished by its extensive use of aquatic elements, making the mastersite an absorbent “sponge campus,” where almost every rain drop is absorbed, stored, permeated, purified and reused. Duke Kunshan’s ecologicalsystem consists of four major parts: a naturally designed waterscape for rainwater collection and storm control, rainwater gardens to enhance on-site permeability, an underground filtration system for water quality assurance, and an irrigation system which fully uses purified rainwater. All campus lawns are irrigated with rainwater, saving Duke Kunshan about 2,600 gallons of water each day, and eliminating potable water use for landscaping.
Human-Centered Design for Better Living
The campus’water-saving feature isn’t the only reason it is attracting attention. The university’s facilities are designed around human needs, creating a healthy andcozy space for students and faculty to study, live, and communicate.
Classrooms are equipped with air filtration and carbon dioxide monitoring systems that automatically pump in fresh air; 32 percent of the campus site area is covered by oxygen-generating native plants; decorative materials are strictly selected, toensure a low VOC emission level that reaches the highest green adhesives standard of E1 and E0; and smoking is banned in all indoor areas on campus.
Campus buslines provide transportation between the university and points of interest in Kunshan, while reducing private car usage. Additionally, bicycle stations across the campus encourage students and faculty to explore the community in a healthy and environmentally responsible way.
Buildings Equipped with Energy-Saving Technologies
Systems across the campus are equipped with energy-saving technology to reduce the carbon footprint of essential operations including transportation, lighting, hot water, and MEP (mechanical, electrical, and plumbing) systems.
Ceiling-to-floor glass curtain walls in the Academic Building, Conference Center and several other buildings optimize natural light and views while reducing energy consumption. To complement the natural light, dimmers can be found in busy areas like classrooms and the fitness center, improving energy efficiency and allowing users to control lighting levels according to their needs and preferences.
High efficiency water-saving fixtures are installed throughout the campus, reducing total water using by 38 percent. 675 square meters of rooftop solar thermal collectors -- capable of generating 470,000 kilowatt-hours of renewable energy per year -- fully power the university’s water heating systems.