创业十年，Twitch 创始人的 21 条创业经验

Emmett Shear 是海外最大直播平台 Twitch 的创始人兼首席执行官，最近在推特连续发布了 21 条创业十年的经验感悟。在此 DeepL 机翻 + 少量人工校对，整理如下（原推在篇末原文链接）。

Most of these insights are things I heard someone else say, as a caveat. I’m not claiming that I thought this all up myself! They’re the things that I find myself telling people over and over when they ask me for advice.

这些见解大多是我听别人说的，作为警告。我并不是说这些都是我自己想出来的。当人们向我征求意见时，我发现自己会一遍又一遍地告诉他们这些事情。

Make something 10 people completely love, not something most people think is pretty good.

做一些10个人完全喜欢的东西，而不是大多数人认为很好的东西。

If your product is for consumers, either it’s a daily habit, it’s used consistently in response to an external trigger, or it’s not going to grow.

如果你的产品是为消费者服务的，要么它成为一种日常习惯，可以根据外部的触发而被持续使用，要么它就不会增长。

There are only five growth strategies that exist, and your product probably only fits one. Press isn’t a growth strategy, and neither is word of mouth.

目前只有五种增长策略，而你的产品可能只适合其中一种。媒体不是增长战略，口碑也不是。

The five growth strategies are high-touch sales, paid advertising, intrinsic virality, intrinsic influencer incentives (Twitch!), and platform hacks.

这五种增长策略是高接触销售、付费广告、内在病毒、内在影响者激励（Twitch！）和平台黑客。

For internet companies, growth is more important than profit. It’s very rare for a company to achieve massive scale of use, and then die because they can’t figure out the economics. The reverse is common.

对于互联网公司来说，增长比利润更重要。一个公司实现了大规模的使用，然后因为搞不清楚经济状况而死亡，这是非常罕见的。相反的情况则很常见。

Ignore your competitors, but don’t ignore their customers.

忽视你的竞争对手，但不要忽视他们的客户。

If you’re a first time manager, you suck. That’s ok, everyone sucks. Apologize to your employees, get a coach or join a support group, read books, and generally treat management like a new important skill you can master.

如果你是第一次当经理，你很糟糕。这没关系，每个人都很差劲。向你的员工道歉，找一个教练或加入一个支持小组，阅读书籍，并把管理当作你可以掌握的一项新的重要技能。

Every time you add a layer of hierarchy underneath you, your job as a leader changes against and gets harder. You have to keep learning and growing. Note: good reason not to hire too fast!

每当你在下面增加一层等级制度，你作为领导者的工作就会发生对抗性的变化，变得更加困难。你必须不断学习和成长。注意：这是不要雇用得太快的好理由!

You know when you need to hire: when you just can’t keep up with all the work, and desperately need someone else to take over some part of the job.

知道你什么时候需要雇佣：当你实在无法跟上所有的工作，迫切需要别人来接管工作的某些部分时。

Plans are useless, but planning is essential.

计划是无用的，但规划是必不可少的。

Your time horizon for strategic planning should approximately be equal to the length of time your organization has existed so far.

你的战略规划的时间跨度应该大约等于你的组织迄今为止存在的时间长度。

Over time, develop a huge vision that’s bigger than any specific thing you’re working on. Put it as far in the future, and make it as huge, as you have the guts to.

随着时间的推移，形成一个巨大的愿景，比你正在做的任何具体事情都要大。只要你有胆量，就把它放在最远的未来，并使它变得宏大。

You think you have a morale problem; a management problem; a recruiting problem; you don’t. You have a growth problem. Nothing succeeds like success.

你觉得你有一个士气问题、一个管理问题、一个招聘问题？其实这些问题你都没有。你有的是一个增长问题。没有什么比成功更成功的了。

Three ways to have a startup idea: something you want, something you’ve directly experienced others needing, something you’ve invented through analytic thought. They are listed in order of increasing risk.

拥有创业想法的三种方式：你想要的东西，你直接体验到的别人需要的东西，你通过分析思考发明的东西。它们是按照风险增加的顺序排列的。

Your culture is determined by what people perceive to be the behaviors you reward and punish. Note: Not what you actually reward and punish, and also not what you say you reward and punish.

你的文化是由人们所认为的你所奖励和惩罚的行为决定的。注意：不是你实际奖励和惩罚的内容，也不是你说的奖励和惩罚的内容。

Company cultures are reflection of their founders. To change your company's culture, seek to change how you behave. To change your company's values, seek to change what you value.

公司文化是其创始人的反映。要改变你公司的文化，就要设法改变你的行为方式。要改变你公司的价值观，就要设法改变你的价值观。

Letting an underperforming employee go is difficult and painful. You invested a lot in hiring them, and you want them to succeed. As a result you will almost always fire too late.

让一个表现不佳的员工离开是困难和痛苦的。你在雇用他们时投入了很多，你希望他们能成功。因此，你几乎总是解雇得太晚。

Presume deals won’t close and manage accordingly. Not only do deals fall through as a default, if you need the deal to close it impacts negotiations and actually makes it less likely to close.

假设交易无法完成并进行相应的管理。不仅交易失败是默认的，如果你需要交易完成，它影响了谈判，实际上使它更不可能完成。

Do the job before you hire for it. You know nothing about X, so you think you need to hire an expert in X. But you can’t tell which experts are any good until you’ve learned enough to be dangerous yourself. (Exception: cofounders)

在你雇用之前先做工作。你对X一无所知，所以你认为你需要雇用一个X方面的专家。但在你自己学到足够的危险之前，你无法判断哪些专家是好的。(例外情况：联合创始人)

Don’t start a company. You aren’t cut out for it. And if I can persuade you not to start a company by saying it in this tweet, definitely don’t start a company. You’re buying the economy-sized amount of effort and pain.

不要开公司。你不是做这个的料。如果我在这条推特上说出来就能说服你不要开公司，那就一定不要开公司。你正在购买大规模的努力和痛苦。

Today is the best time ever to start a company. You might fail, you might succeed, it’s a crazy ride either way, and you’ll learn and grow more than at any job.

今天是创办公司的最佳时机。你可能会失败，也可能会成功，无论哪种方式都是一次疯狂的旅程，你将比任何工作都能学到和成长。